मूल
Hindi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla), from Sanskrit मूल (mūla). Cognate with Gujarati મૂળ (mūḷ) and Bengali মূল (mul).
Adjective[edit]
मूल • (mūl) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling مول)
- original, basic, fundamental
- native, indigenous
- ancient, continually existent
Synonyms[edit]
- (original, basic): मूलभूत (mūlbhūt)
Noun[edit]
मूल • (mūl) m (Urdu spelling مول)
Declension[edit]
Related terms[edit]
- मूलाधार (mūlādhār)
Kashmiri[edit]
Noun[edit]
मूल • (mūl) m (Perso-Arabic موٗل)
- root (of a plant, etc.)
- origin, basis, provenance
- (linguistics) root, stem
Marathi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
नपुसकलिंग (napusakliṅga): मूल n (mūl) |
पुल्लिंग (pulliṅga): मुलगा m (mulgā) |
स्त्रीलिंग (strīliṅga): मुलगी f (mulgī) |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
मूल • (mūl) n
- child or kid regardless of gender or age
- Synonym: पोर (por)
- son or daughter regardless of gender
- Synonym: लेकरू (lekrū)
Usage notes[edit]
While the neuter word मूल (mūl) is often used interchangeably with the words मुलगा (mulgā) and मुलगी (mulgī), the word मूल (mūl) should be discriminated from the words मुलगा (mulgā) and मुलगी (mulgī).
Declension[edit]
Declension of मूल (mūl) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
मूल mūl | ||
direct plural |
मुले, मुलं mule, mula | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | मूल mūl |
मुले, मुलं mule, mula | |
oblique | मुला- mulā- |
मुलां- mulāN- | |
dative | मुलाला mulālā |
मुलांना mulāNnā | |
ergative | मुलाने mulāne |
मुलांनी mulāNni | |
instrumental | मुलाशी mulāśi |
मुलांशी mulāNśi | |
locative | मुलात mulāt |
मुलांत mulāNt | |
vocative | मुला mulā |
मुलांनो mulāNno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of मूल | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object | feminine object | neuter object | oblique | |||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular* | plural | |||
singular subject | मुलाचा mulāċā |
मुलाचे mulāce |
मुलाची mulāci |
मुलाच्या mulāca |
मुलाचे, मुलाचं mulāce, mulāċa |
मुलाची mulāci |
मुलाच्या mulāca | |
plural subject | मुलांचा mulāNċā |
मुलांचे mulāNce |
मुलांची mulāNci |
मुलांच्या mulāNca |
मुलांचे, मुलांचं mulāNce, mulāNċa |
मुलांची mulāNci |
मुलांच्या mulāNca | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “मूल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Nepali[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
मूल • (mūl)
Noun[edit]
मूल • (mūl)
Pali[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
मूल n
- Devanagari script form of mūla
Declension[edit]
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | मूलं (mūlaṃ) | मूलानि (mūlāni) |
Accusative (second) | मूलं (mūlaṃ) | मूलानि (mūlāni) |
Instrumental (third) | मूलेन (mūlena) | मूलेहि (mūlehi) or मूलेभि (mūlebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | मूलस्स (mūlassa) or मूलाय (mūlāya) or मूलत्थं (mūlatthaṃ) | मूलानं (mūlānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | मूलस्मा (mūlasmā) or मूलम्हा (mūlamhā) or मूला (mūlā) | मूलेहि (mūlehi) or मूलेभि (mūlebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | मूलस्स (mūlassa) | मूलानं (mūlānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | मूलस्मिं (mūlasmiṃ) or मूलम्हि (mūlamhi) or मूले (mūle) | मूलेसु (mūlesu) |
Vocative (calling) | मूल (mūla) | मूलानि (mūlāni) |
Sanskrit[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- ᬫᬹᬮ (Balinese script)
- মূল (Assamese script)
- মূল (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰳𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌮𑍂𑌲 (Grantha script)
- મૂલ (Gujarati script)
- ਮੂਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦩꦹꦭ (Javanese script)
- មូល (Khmer script)
- ಮೂಲ (Kannada script)
- ມູລ (Lao script)
- മൂല (Malayalam script)
- 𑘦𑘴𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᠮᡠᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- မူလ (Burmese script)
- 𑧆𑧕𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐹𑐮 (Newa script)
- ମୂଲ (Oriya script)
- ꢪꢹꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆷𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖳𑖩 (Siddham script)
- මූල (Sinhalese script)
- మూల (Telugu script)
- มูล (Thai script)
- མཱུ་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒴𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology[edit]
Possibly from a Proto-Dravidian word corresponding with modern Tamil முளா (muḷā) or முள்ளங்கி (muḷḷaṅki), although the direction of borrowing is unclear. Sometimes, also compared to Ancient Greek μῶλυ (môlu).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
मूल • (mū́la) n
Declension[edit]
Neuter a-stem declension of मूल (mū́la) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मूलम् mū́lam |
मूले mū́le |
मूलानि / मूला¹ mū́lāni / mū́lā¹ |
Vocative | मूल mū́la |
मूले mū́le |
मूलानि / मूला¹ mū́lāni / mū́lā¹ |
Accusative | मूलम् mū́lam |
मूले mū́le |
मूलानि / मूला¹ mū́lāni / mū́lā¹ |
Instrumental | मूलेन mū́lena |
मूलाभ्याम् mū́lābhyām |
मूलैः / मूलेभिः¹ mū́laiḥ / mū́lebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | मूलाय mū́lāya |
मूलाभ्याम् mū́lābhyām |
मूलेभ्यः mū́lebhyaḥ |
Ablative | मूलात् mū́lāt |
मूलाभ्याम् mū́lābhyām |
मूलेभ्यः mū́lebhyaḥ |
Genitive | मूलस्य mū́lasya |
मूलयोः mū́layoḥ |
मूलानाम् mū́lānām |
Locative | मूले mū́le |
मूलयोः mū́layoḥ |
मूलेषु mū́leṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms[edit]
- मूलक (mūlaka)
- मूल्य (mūlya)
- मौल (maula)
- मूलाधार (mūlādhāra)
- उन्मूलयति (unmūlayati)
- जिह्वामूलीय (jihvā́mūlīya)
- दन्तमूलीय (dántamūlīya)
Descendants[edit]
- → Indonesian: mula
- → Malay: mula
- → Tagalog: mula
- Tamil: மூலம் (mūlam)
- → Telugu: మూలము (mūlamu)
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
- Bengali: মূল (mul)
- Pali: mūla
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla)
References[edit]
- Monier Williams (1899), “मूल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 826.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “mūˊla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Hindi terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
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