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वृषभ

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Hindi

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वृषभ
वृष तारामंडल

Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वृषभ (vṛṣabha).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वृषभ • (vŕṣabh) m

  1. bull, ox
    Synonyms: ऋषभ (ŕṣabh), वृष (vŕṣ), साँड़ (sā̃ṛ), बैल (bail)

Declension

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Declension of वृषभ (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct वृषभ
vŕṣabh 		वृषभ
vŕṣabh
oblique वृषभ
vŕṣabh 		वृषभों
vŕṣabhõ
vocative वृषभ
vŕṣabh 		वृषभो
vŕṣabho

Proper noun

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वृषभ • (vŕṣabh) m

  1. (astrology) Taurus
  2. (astronomy) Taurus constellation

Declension

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Declension of वृषभ (sg-only masc cons-stem)
singular
direct वृषभ
vŕṣabh
oblique वृषभ
vŕṣabh
vocative वृषभ
vŕṣabh

See also

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Zodiac signs in Hindi · राशि (rāśi) (layout · text)

मेष (meṣ) ("ram"; Aries)
वृषभ (vŕṣabh) ("bull"; Taurus)
मिथुन (mithun) ("twins"; Gemini)
कर्क (kark) ("crab"; Cancer)

सिंह (sĩh) ("lion"; Leo)
कन्या (kanyā) ("virgin"; Virgo)
तुला (tulā) ("balance"; Libra)
वृश्चिक (vŕścik) ("scorpion"; Scorpio)

धनु (dhanu) ("bow"; Sagittarius)
मकर (makar) ("sea-goat"; Capricorn)
कुंभ (kumbh) ("water-pot"; Aquarius)
मीन (mīn) ("fish"; Pisces)

References

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Marathi

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वृषभ (vṛṣabha)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वृषभ • (vŕṣabh) m

  1. a bull (used as an epithet of various gods in the Vedas)
  2. (astrology) the zodiacal sign Taurus

See also

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Zodiac signs in Marathi · रास (rās) (layout · text)

मेष (meṣ)
वृषभ (vŕṣabh)
मिथुन (mithun)
कर्क (karka)

सिंह (siuha)
कन्या (kanyā)
तूळ (tūḷ)
वृश्चिक (vŕścik)

धनु (dhanu)
मकर (makar)
कुंभ (kumbha)
मीन (mīn)

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Alternative scripts

Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).[1]

Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (arəšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Latin verrēs. Also related to ऋषभ (ṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वृ॒ष॒भ • (vṛṣabhá) stem, m

  1. a bull (used as an epithet of various gods in the Vedas)
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.31.5:
      त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्यः॑।
      य आहु॑तिं॒ परि॒ वेदा॒ वष॑ट्कृति॒मेका॑यु॒रग्रे॒ विश॑ आ॒विवा॑ससि॥
      tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yyaḥ.
      yá ā́hutiṃ pári védā váṣaṭkṛtimékāyurágre víśa āvívāsasi.
      Thou, Agni, art a Bull who makes our store increase, to be invoked by him who lifts the ladle up.
      Well knowing the oblation with the hallowing word, uniting all who live, thou lightenest first our folk.
  2. the chief, most excellent or eminent, lord or best among (in later language mostly at the end of a compound, or with genitive)
  3. (astrology) the zodiacal sign Taurus
  4. a particular drug (described as a root brought from the Himalaya mountains, resembling the horn of a bull, of cooling and tonic properties, and serviceable in catarrh and consumption)

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of वृ॒ष॒भ
singular dual plural
nominative वृ॒ष॒भः (vṛṣabháḥ) वृ॒ष॒भौ (vṛṣabháu)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹) 		वृ॒ष॒भाः (vṛṣabhā́ḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भासः॑¹ (vṛṣabhā́saḥ¹)
accusative वृ॒ष॒भम् (vṛṣabhám) वृ॒ष॒भौ (vṛṣabháu)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹) 		वृ॒ष॒भान् (vṛṣabhā́n)
instrumental वृ॒ष॒भेण॑ (vṛṣabhéṇa) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भैः (vṛṣabháiḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भेभिः॑¹ (vṛṣabhébhiḥ¹)
dative वृ॒ष॒भाय॑ (vṛṣabhā́ya) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भेभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhébhyaḥ)
ablative वृ॒ष॒भात् (vṛṣabhā́t) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भेभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhébhyaḥ)
genitive वृ॒ष॒भस्य॑ (vṛṣabhásya) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भाणा॑म् (vṛṣabhā́ṇām)
locative वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भेषु॑ (vṛṣabhéṣu)
vocative वृष॑भ (vṛ́ṣabha) वृष॑भौ (vṛ́ṣabhau)
वृष॑भा¹ (vṛ́ṣabhā¹) 		वृष॑भाः (vṛ́ṣabhāḥ)
वृष॑भासः¹ (vṛ́ṣabhāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Adjective

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वृ॒ष॒भ • (vṛṣabhá) stem

  1. manly, mighty, vigorous, strong
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.8:
      प्र ब॒भ्रवे॑ वृष॒भाय॑ श्विती॒चे म॒हो म॒हीं सु॑ष्टु॒तिमी॑रयामि। न॒म॒स्या क॑ल्मली॒किनं॒ नमो॑भिर्गृणी॒मसि॑ त्वे॒षं रु॒द्रस्य॒ नाम॑॥
      prá babhráve vṛṣabhā́ya śvitīcé mahó mahī́ṃ suṣṭutímīrayāmi. namasyā́ kalmalīkínaṃ námobhirgṛṇīmási tveṣáṃ rudrásya nā́ma.
      To him the strong, great, tawny, fair-complexioned, I utter forth a mighty hymn of praises.
      We serve the brilliant God with adorations, we glorify, the splendid name of Rudra.

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of वृ॒ष॒भ
singular dual plural
nominative वृ॒ष॒भः (vṛṣabháḥ) वृ॒ष॒भौ (vṛṣabháu)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹) 		वृ॒ष॒भाः (vṛṣabhā́ḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भासः॑¹ (vṛṣabhā́saḥ¹)
accusative वृ॒ष॒भम् (vṛṣabhám) वृ॒ष॒भौ (vṛṣabháu)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹) 		वृ॒ष॒भान् (vṛṣabhā́n)
instrumental वृ॒ष॒भेण॑ (vṛṣabhéṇa) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भैः (vṛṣabháiḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भेभिः॑¹ (vṛṣabhébhiḥ¹)
dative वृ॒ष॒भाय॑ (vṛṣabhā́ya) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भेभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhébhyaḥ)
ablative वृ॒ष॒भात् (vṛṣabhā́t) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भेभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhébhyaḥ)
genitive वृ॒ष॒भस्य॑ (vṛṣabhásya) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भाणा॑म् (vṛṣabhā́ṇām)
locative वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भेषु॑ (vṛṣabhéṣu)
vocative वृष॑भ (vṛ́ṣabha) वृष॑भौ (vṛ́ṣabhau)
वृष॑भा¹ (vṛ́ṣabhā¹) 		वृष॑भाः (vṛ́ṣabhāḥ)
वृष॑भासः¹ (vṛ́ṣabhāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of वृ॒ष॒भा
singular dual plural
nominative वृ॒ष॒भा (vṛṣabhā́) वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भाः (vṛṣabhā́ḥ)
accusative वृ॒ष॒भाम् (vṛṣabhā́m) वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भाः (vṛṣabhā́ḥ)
instrumental वृ॒ष॒भया॑ (vṛṣabháyā)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹) 		वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भाभिः॑ (vṛṣabhā́bhiḥ)
dative वृ॒ष॒भायै॑ (vṛṣabhā́yai) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhā́bhyaḥ)
ablative वृ॒ष॒भायाः॑ (vṛṣabhā́yāḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भायै॑² (vṛṣabhā́yai²) 		वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhā́bhyaḥ)
genitive वृ॒ष॒भायाः॑ (vṛṣabhā́yāḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भायै॑² (vṛṣabhā́yai²) 		वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भाणा॑म् (vṛṣabhā́ṇām)
locative वृ॒ष॒भाया॑म् (vṛṣabhā́yām) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भासु॑ (vṛṣabhā́su)
vocative वृष॑भे (vṛ́ṣabhe) वृष॑भे (vṛ́ṣabhe) वृष॑भाः (vṛ́ṣabhāḥ)
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of वृ॒ष॒भ
singular dual plural
nominative वृ॒ष॒भम् (vṛṣabhám) वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भाणि॑ (vṛṣabhā́ṇi)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹)
accusative वृ॒ष॒भम् (vṛṣabhám) वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भाणि॑ (vṛṣabhā́ṇi)
वृ॒ष॒भा¹ (vṛṣabhā́¹)
instrumental वृ॒ष॒भेण॑ (vṛṣabhéṇa) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भैः (vṛṣabháiḥ)
वृ॒ष॒भेभिः॑¹ (vṛṣabhébhiḥ¹)
dative वृ॒ष॒भाय॑ (vṛṣabhā́ya) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भेभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhébhyaḥ)
ablative वृ॒ष॒भात् (vṛṣabhā́t) वृ॒ष॒भाभ्या॑म् (vṛṣabhā́bhyām) वृ॒ष॒भेभ्यः॑ (vṛṣabhébhyaḥ)
genitive वृ॒ष॒भस्य॑ (vṛṣabhásya) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भाणा॑म् (vṛṣabhā́ṇām)
locative वृ॒ष॒भे (vṛṣabhé) वृ॒ष॒भयोः॑ (vṛṣabháyoḥ) वृ॒ष॒भेषु॑ (vṛṣabhéṣu)
vocative वृष॑भ (vṛ́ṣabha) वृष॑भे (vṛ́ṣabhe) वृष॑भाणि (vṛ́ṣabhāṇi)
वृष॑भा¹ (vṛ́ṣabhā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

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Descendants

See also

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Zodiac signs in Sanskrit · राशिचक्र (rāśicakra) (layout · text)

मेष (meṣa)
वृषभ (vṛṣabha)
मिथुन (mithuna)
कर्कटक (karkaṭaka)

सिंह (siṃha)
कन्या (kanyā)
तुला (tulā)
वृश्चिक (vṛścika)

धनु (dhanu)
मकर (makara)
कुम्भ (kumbha)
मीन (mīna)

References

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  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “vṛṣan- (> line 25 > vṛṣabhá-)”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 575

Further reading

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