劣

Translingual

Alternative forms

• A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+F99D with no change in composition.
• Note that in Japanese Kanji, Korean Hanja and Vietnamese Nom, the middle stroke of the top component 小 is written 亅 with a hook whereas in modern Chinese scripts the middle stroke is written 丨 with no downward hook.

Han character

劣 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火竹大尸 (FHKS), four-corner 9042₇, composition ⿱少力)

Derived characters

• 挘, 㭞, 𨦒, 𨾻, 𩷈, 𠢣, 𠣇, 𬏩

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 146, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2302
• Dae Jaweon: page 330, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 367, character 5
• Unihan data for U+52A3

• Unihan data for U+F99D

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		劣

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 劣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 少 (“little, less”) + 力 (“strength”). 少 also functions as phonetic.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liè, lüè (lie⁴, lüe⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ, ㄌㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lyut³ / lyut⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): loa̍t / loat

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liè
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liè
    • Wade–Giles: lieh⁴
    • Yale: lyè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lieh
    • Palladius: ле (le)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛ⁵¹/
      
  • (Beijing dialect, colloquial)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lüè
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lyuè
    • Wade–Giles: lüeh⁴
    • Yale: lywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liueh
    • Palladius: люэ (ljue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly̯ɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lyut³ / lyut⁶
    • Yale: lyut / lyuht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lyt⁸ / lyt⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lüd³ / lüd⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːt̚³/, /lyːt̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loa̍t
    • Tâi-lô: lua̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loat
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /luat̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /luat̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loat
    • Tâi-lô: luat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: load
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /luat̚⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 劣
Mandarin	Beijing	/lyɛ⁵¹/ /liɛ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/liɛ²¹³/
	Tianjin	/lie⁵³/
	Jinan	/liə²¹/
	Qingdao	/liə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/lyo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/lyɛ²¹/
	Xining	/lɨ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/lie¹³/
	Lanzhou	/lyə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/lyɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/nie²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nie³¹/ /ne³¹/
	Guiyang	/nie²¹/
	Kunming	/liɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/lieʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/liɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/lyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/liʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/liaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/liɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/liəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/lɑʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/le²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/le²²/
	Tunxi	/liɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/lie²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/nie²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/liɛʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lot̚¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lyt̚³/
	Nanning	/lyt̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/lyt̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/luat̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/luɔʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/lyɛ²⁴/ /liɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/luak̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/luak̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: ljwet

Rime
Character	劣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	薛 (82)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力輟切
Baxter	ljwet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwiat̚/
Li Rong	/liuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/lĭuɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lüè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lyut6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rod/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	劣
Reading #	1/1
No.	8142
Phonetic component	劣
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	劣
Old Chinese	/*rod/
Notes	力少會意，說文少聲非

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 劣

1. bad, poor, inferior
2. slightly

Antonyms

• 優／优 (yōu)

---

Japanese

Kanji

劣

(Jōyō kanji)

1. bad, poor, inferior

Readings

• Go-on: れち (rechi)
• Kan-on: れつ (retsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: おとる (otoru, 劣る, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 劣(れつ)悪(あく) (retsuaku)
• 劣(れつ)位(い) (retsui)
• 劣(れつ)後(ご) (retsugo)
• 劣(れっ)等(とう) (rettō)
• 愚(ぐ)劣(れつ) (guretsu)
• 下(げ)劣(れつ) (geretsu)
• 拙(せつ)劣(れつ) (setsuretsu)
• 卑(ひ)劣(れつ) (hiretsu)
• 優(ゆう)劣(れつ) (yūretsu)

---

Korean

Hanja

劣 (eum 렬 (ryeol))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

劣: Hán Nôm readings: liệt, lẹt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation