家族
Chinese
home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools |
race; nationality; ethnicity race; nationality; ethnicity; clan | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (家族) | 家 | 族 | |
simp. #(家族) | 家 | 族 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa1 zuk6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâ-chhu̍k
- Eastern Min (BUC): gă-cŭk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 1cia-zoq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ ㄗㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiazú
- Wade–Giles: chia1-tsu2
- Yale: jyā-dzú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiatzwu
- Palladius: цзяцзу (czjaczu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡su³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gaa1 zuk6
- Yale: gā juhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaa1 dzuk9
- Guangdong Romanization: ga1 zug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-chhu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: ga´ cug
- Hagfa Pinyim: ga1 cug6
- Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gă-cŭk
- Sinological IPA (key): /ka⁵⁵ (t͡s-)ʒuʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: kae dzuwk
Noun
(deprecated template usage) 家族
Synonyms
(deprecated template usage)Descendants
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
家 | 族 |
か Grade: 2 |
ぞく Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 家族 (kˠa d͡zuk̚).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- a family; a household
- 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “第43話 母の願い [Chapter 43: Mother’s Wish]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 276:
- そして…オレはお前を連れてリキアの山奥へとたどりついたのだ 家族を持たぬ俺に…光をくれた…アル…お前達には感謝している…
- Soshite… ore wa o-mae o tsurete Rikia no yamaoku e to tadoritsuita no da Kazoku o motanu ore ni… hikari o kureta… Aru… o-mae-tachi ni wa kansha shite iru…
- After that… I took you to the mountains of Lycia and settled there. You brought light to me… a man who had known no family… Alle… thank you both for that…
- そして…オレはお前を連れてリキアの山奥へとたどりついたのだ 家族を持たぬ俺に…光をくれた…アル…お前達には感謝している…
- 2015 July 27, Åsa Ekström, “第1話 ようこそ、ここへ [Chapter 1: welcome]”, in さよならセプテンバー [Goodbye September], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Creek & River:
- ぼくらは幸せな家族になるよぜったい!
- Bokura wa shiawase na kazoku ni naru yo zettai!
- We’ll definitely make a happy family!
- ぼくらは幸せな家族になるよぜったい!
Usage notes
家族 refers to one’s own family, particularly immediate family – parents, children, and siblings. To refer to another’s family, one uses the honorific form ご家族 (go-kazoku, “another’s family”, honorific). To refer to one’s relatives generally, one uses 親戚 (shinseki, “relative”), which includes even distant relatives. For close relatives – say, aunts, uncles, and close cousins – one may use 近親 (kinshin, “close relative”). For close people, not necessarily family, one may use 身内 (miuchi, “close family, close friends”).
Synonyms
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
家 | 族 |
Noun
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
家 | 族 |
Noun
家族
Categories:
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
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- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
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- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Family
- zh:Collectives
- Japanese terms spelled with 家 read as か
- Japanese terms spelled with 族 read as ぞく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese lemmas
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- ja:Family
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