峭

Translingual

Han character

峭 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 山火月 (UFB), four-corner 2972₇, composition ⿰山肖)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 311, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8085
• Dae Jaweon: page 611, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 773, character 10
• Unihan data for U+5CED

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Chinese

trad.		峭
simp. #		峭
alternative forms		陗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (肖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
梢	*sreːw
捎	*sreːw, *sew
筲	*sreːw
鞘	*sreːw, *slewɢs
艄	*sreːw
蛸	*sreːw, *sew
髾	*sreːw
輎	*sreːw
旓	*sreːw
弰	*sreːw
鮹	*sreːw, *sew
綃	*sreːw, *sew
颵	*sreːw
莦	*sreːw, *sew
娋	*sreːw, *sreːws
稍	*sreːws
哨	*sreːws, *sʰews, *sew
揱	*sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ
潲	*sreːws
睄	*sreːws
悄	*sʰewʔ
俏	*sʰews
峭	*sʰews
陗	*sʰews
帩	*sʰews
誚	*zews
消	*sew
宵	*sew
霄	*sew
硝	*sew
銷	*sew
逍	*sew
魈	*sew
痟	*slew
焇	*sew
肖	*slew, *slews
韒	*slewɢs
趙	*l'ewʔ
箾	*seːw, *sleːw
踃	*seːw
削	*slewɢ
矟	*sreːwɢ

Originally Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰews) : semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews), later Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰews) : semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiào (qiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu³
• Eastern Min (BUC): chiēu
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiàu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciào
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiao⁴
    • Yale: chyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiaw
    • Palladius: цяо (cjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ciu³
    • Yale: chiu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu³
    • Guangdong Romanization: qiu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːu̯³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chiēu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰieu³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiàu
    • Tâi-lô: tshiàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiaux
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiau²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: tshjewH

Rime
Character	峭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	七肖切
Baxter	tshjewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiᴇuH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiɛuH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjæuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰiawH/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiɛuH/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭɛuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ɛuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ciu3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰews/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	峭
Reading #	1/1
No.	13733
Phonetic component	肖
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	陗
Old Chinese	/*sʰews/
Notes	同陗

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 峭

1. steep; precipitous; rugged

   陡峭  ―  dǒuqiào  ―  steep; precipitous

   懸崖峭壁／悬崖峭壁  ―  xuányáqiàobì  ―  sheer precipices and overhanging rocks; perilous cliffs and precipices

2. (literary) stern; severe

   峭直  ―  qiàozhí  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. cold
4. to make more strict

Synonyms

• (steep):

(deprecated template usage)

• 壁立 (bìlì) (chiefly of a mountain peak, cliff, etc.)
• 岢峨 (kě'é) (literary, of a mountain, high and steep)
• 岢峻 (kějùn) (literary, of a mountain, high and steep)
• 峻峭 (jùnqiào) (of a mountain, high and steep)
• 崒 (zú) (literary)
• 崎 (qí) (literary or Min Nan)
• 嶔崟／嵚崟 (qīnyín) (literary, dangerously steep)
• 嶜崟 (dangerously steep)
• 巀嶭 (of mountains, high, lofty, and steep)
• 巉岩 (chányán) (literary)
• 巉峻 (chánjùn) (literary)
• 巉巉 (chánchán) (literary)
• 筆陡／笔陡 (bǐdǒu)
• 陡 (dǒu)
• 陡峭 (dǒuqiào)
• 陡直 (dǒuzhí)
• 險峻／险峻 (xiǎnjùn) (dangerously steep)
• 高峻 (gāojùn) (of a mountain, high and steep)

 

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Japanese

Kanji

峭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kun: きびしい (kibishii, 峭しい); けわしい (kewashii, 峭しい)

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Korean

Hanja

峭 (eum 초 (cho))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

峭: Hán Nôm readings: tiếu, tiễu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation