愉

Translingual

Han character

愉 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心人一弓 (POMN), four-corner 9802₁, composition ⿰忄俞(GHTJ) or ⿰忄兪(K))

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 394, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10905
• Dae Jaweon: page 730, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2330, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6109

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Chinese

trad.		愉
simp. #		愉
alternative forms		𢖳 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (俞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
褕	*low, *lo
偷	*l̥ʰoː
媮	*l̥ʰoː, *lo
鍮	*l̥ʰoː
緰	*l'oː, *slo
牏	*l'oː, *l'os, *lo
揄	*l'oː, *l'oːʔ, *lu, *lo
窬	*l'oː, *l'oːs, *lo
歈	*l'oː, *lo
俞	*l̥ʰus, *lo
隃	*slo, *hljo, *hljos, *lo
毹	*sro
輸	*hljo, *hljos
鄃	*hljo, *lo
腧	*hljos
逾	*lo
榆	*lo
愉	*lo
渝	*lo
瑜	*lo
蕍	*lo
覦	*lo, *los
蝓	*lo
踰	*lo
崳	*lo
羭	*lo
堬	*lo
瘉	*lo, *loʔ
萮	*lo
騟	*lo
愈	*loʔ
貐	*loʔ
喻	*los
諭	*los

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lo) : semantic 心 + phonetic 俞 (OC *l̥ʰus, *lo).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yú (yu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ / jyu⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): û / î / lû / jî / jû

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yú
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yú
    • Wade–Giles: yü²
    • Yale: yú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴ / jyu⁶
    • Yale: yùh / yuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ / jy⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ / yu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/, /jyː²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
    • Tâi-lô: û
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uu
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /u²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
    • Tâi-lô: î
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû
    • Tâi-lô: lû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luu
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /lu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî
    • Tâi-lô: jî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû
    • Tâi-lô: jû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: juu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu²³/

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• Middle Chinese: yu

Rime
Character	愉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊朱切
Baxter	yu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/jio/
Shao Rongfen	/io/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juə̆/
Li Rong	/io/
Wang Li	/jĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lo/

  (Zhengzhang): /*lo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	愉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú
Middle Chinese	‹ yu ›
Old Chinese	/*lo/
English	enjoy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愉
Reading #	1/1
No.	15856
Phonetic component	俞
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	逾
Old Chinese	/*lo/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 愉

1. happy; pleased; delightful

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Japanese

Kanji

愉

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. pleasure

Readings

• Go-on: ゆ (yu, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ゆ (yu, Jōyō)
• Kun: たのしむ (tanoshimu, 愉しむ); たのしい (tanoshii, 愉しい); ゆう (yū)

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Korean

Hanja

愉 (eum 유 (yu))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

愉: Hán Nôm readings: du

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.