水道

Chinese

		water; river	direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk
trad. (水道)		水	道
simp. #(水道)		水	道

Etymology

Attestable in pre-Qin texts. Sense "water supply" from Japanese 水道(すいどう) (suidō).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shuǐdào

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi² dou⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): súi-tho

  (Hailu, HRS): shui^ˊ to^˖

• Eastern Min (BUC): cūi-dô̤
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chúi-tō
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵sy-dau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shuǐdào
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shuěidào
    • Wade–Giles: shui³-tao⁴
    • Yale: shwěi-dàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoeidaw
    • Palladius: шуйдао (šujdao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 水稻 水道

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: seoi² dou⁶
    • Yale: séui douh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soey² dou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêu² dou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯³⁵ tou̯²²/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 水稻 水道

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: súi-tho
    • Hakka Romanization System: sui^ˋ to
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sui³ to⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /su̯i³¹ tʰo⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: shui^ˊ to^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /ʃui²⁴⁻³³ tʰo³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cūi-dô̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɔ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúi-tō
    • Tâi-lô: tsuí-tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zuy'doi
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵sy-dau
    • MiniDict: sy^去 dau
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr-dau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɹ̩³³ dɔ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: sywijX dawX

Rime
Character	水	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	式軌切	徒晧切
Baxter	sywijX	dawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕˠiuɪX/	/dɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕʷᵚiX/	/dɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiuɪX/	/dɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕjwiX/	/dawX/
Li Rong	/ɕjuiX/	/dɑuX/
Wang Li	/ɕwiX/	/dɑuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕwiX/	/dʱɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuǐ	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi2	dou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.turʔ  [kə.l]ˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰʷljilʔ  l'uːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	水	道
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shuǐ	dào
Middle Chinese	‹ sywijX ›	‹ dawX ›
Old Chinese	/*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j)	/*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/
English	water; river	way
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	水	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11948	11669
Phonetic component	水	首
Rime group	脂	幽
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	水	道
Old Chinese	/*qʰʷljilʔ/	/*l'uːʔ/

Noun

水道

1. canal; ditch
2. water course; waterway

   把某物傾倒在水道中 [MSC, trad.]
   把某物倾倒在水道中 [MSC, simp.]

   bǎ mǒuwù qīngdào zài shuǐdào zhōng [Pinyin]

   to dump something in the waterway

3. lane in swimming pool
4. (literary) urethra
5. (Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka) water supply

Synonyms

• (canal): (literary) 孔 (kǒng), 渠道 (qúdào)
• (water course): 水路 (shuǐlù), 航道 (hángdào)

Derived terms

• 水道口
• 水道水
• 水道錢 / 水道钱
• 水道頭 / 水道头

Japanese

Kanji in this term
水	道
すい Grade: 1	どう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɨido̞ː]
• (Tokyo) すいどー [sùídóó] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

水(すい)道(どう) • (suidō) ^{←すいだう (suidau)?}

1. water service; water supply
2. channel; strait

   Synonym: 海峡 (kaikyō)

3. aqueduct

Derived terms

• 水道屋(すいどうや) (suidōya, “plumber”)
• 水道管(すいどうかん) (suidōkan, “water pipe”)
• 水道局(すいどうきょく) (suidōkyoku, “water bureau”)
• 水道工事(すいどうこうじ) (suidō kōji, “waterworks”)
• 水道水(すいどうすい) (suidōsui, “tap water”)
• 水道栓(すいどうせん) (suidōsen, “hydrant; faucet”)
• 水道料(すいどうりょう) (suidōryō, “water rates”)
• 水道料金(すいどうりょうきん) (suidō ryōkin, “water charges”)
• 水道(すいどう)の水(すい) (suidō no sui, “tap water”)
• 水道(すいどう)の栓(せん) (suidō no sen, “water spigot”)
• 下水道(げすいどう) (gesuidō, “drain; sewer”)
• 上下水道(じょうげすいどう) (jōgesuidō, “water and sewer services”)
• 上水道(じょうすいどう) (jōsuidō, “waterworks”)
• 中水道(ちゅうすいどう) (chūsuidō, “gray water system”)

Further reading

• “水道”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
水	道

Noun

水道 • (sudo) (hangeul 수도)

1. hanja form^? of 수도 (“water supply”)