舂

See also: 㫪 and 春

Translingual

Han character

舂 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手大竹難 (QKHX), four-corner 5077₇, composition ⿱𡗗臼)

Usage notes

• This character is not to be confused with 春 (U+6625) which is visually similar but unrelated.

Derived characters

• 𠌴, 𠽅, 𢠅, 摏, 𣻛, 樁, 𥊎, 䄝, 𥡟, 𧐍, 𧜧, 蹖, 𩥫, 𪄻, 㦼, 䚎, 𪅖, 𬸥, 𩮱, 憃, 𦦜, 𧢆, 𦦱, 𪆊, 𦦺, 𦦾, 𫴛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1003, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30195
• Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3039, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8202

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		舂
alternative forms		㫪 (non-classical form)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 舂
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (舂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
樁	*ʔr'oːŋ
憃	*hr'oːŋ, *l̥ʰoŋs, *hljoŋ
舂	*hljoŋ
摏	*hljoŋ
蹖	*hljoŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chōng (chong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chong
    • Wade–Giles: chʻung¹
    • Yale: chūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
    • Palladius: чун (čun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
    • Tâi-lô: tsing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: syowng

Rime
Character	舂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	書容切
Baxter	syowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕuawŋ/
Li Rong	/ɕioŋ/
Wang Li	/ɕĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-toŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljoŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	舂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chōng
Middle Chinese	‹ syowng ›
Old Chinese	/*s-toŋ/
English	hull grain, beat (v.) stick for beating (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	舂
Reading #	1/1
No.	1498
Phonetic component	舂
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	舂
Old Chinese	/*hljoŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 舂

1. to pound on grains to remove the husk
2. (Hakka) to strike with fist

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Japanese

Kanji

舂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. to grind in a mortar

Readings

• Go-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)
• Kun: うすずく (usuzuku, 舂く)^{←うすづく (usuduku, 舂く, historical)}; うすつく (usutsuku, 舂く)

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Korean

Hanja

舂 • (yong, song, chang) (hangeul 용, 송, 창, revised yong, song, chang, McCune–Reischauer yong, song, ch'ang, Yale yong, song, chang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 舂 (thung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation