西瓜

Chinese

		west	melon; claw; gourd melon; claw; gourd; squash
simp. and trad. (西瓜)		西	瓜
Literally: “western melon”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xīguā

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄍㄨㄚ

  (Chengdu, SP): xi¹ gua¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic): щигуа (xigua, I-II)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): sai¹ gwaa¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhai¹ ga¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): 'xi¹ gua¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sî-kôa

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xi¹ gua¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): xi¹ gua¹
• Min Bei (KCR): sí-guá
• Min Dong (BUC): să̤-guă
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): si-koe / se-koe / si-koa / sai-koe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si¹ guê¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): xi ko (T1)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): si¹ gua¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xīguā → xīgua (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄍㄨㄚ → ㄒㄧ ˙ㄍㄨㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi.gua
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siguå
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ kwä⁵⁵/ → /ɕi⁵⁵ g̊wä²/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xi¹ gua¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xigua
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ kua⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic: щигуа (xigua, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²⁴ kua⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai¹ gwaa¹
    • Yale: sāi gwā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ gwaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ gua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ kʷäː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhai¹ ga¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬai³³ ka³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: 'xi¹ gua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈɕi⁴² kua⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî-kôa
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi´ gua´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ gua¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi²⁴⁻¹¹ ku̯a²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xi¹ gua¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xi¹ gua¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕi¹¹ kua¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí-guá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁴ kua⁵⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: să̤-guă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛ⁵⁵ ^(k-)ua⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Lukang, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-koe
    • Tâi-lô: si-kue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si'koef
    • IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi³³ kue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Sanxia, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se-koe
    • Tâi-lô: se-kue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: se'koef
    • IPA (Xiamen): /se⁴⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /se³³ kue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-koa
    • Tâi-lô: si-kua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si'koaf
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² kua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Penang): /ɕi³³⁻²¹ kua³³/
  • (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sai-koe
    • Tâi-lô: sai-kue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sai'koef
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /saɪ⁴⁴⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si¹ guê¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si kue
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³³⁻²³ kue³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: xi ko (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ko²¹/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: si¹ gua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si³³ kua̠³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi³³ kua̠³³/

Noun

西瓜

西瓜

1. watermelon

Derived terms

• 西瓜子 (xīguāzǐ)
• 西瓜帽

• 西瓜頭／西瓜头 (xīguātóu)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (西瓜):

• → Japanese: 西瓜(すいか) (suika)
• → Korean: 서과 (西瓜, seogwa)

Others:

• → Mongolian: шийгуа (šijgua)
• → Zhuang: sihgvah

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
西	瓜
すい Grade: 2	か Jinmeiyō
tōon	on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 西瓜 (sej kwæ, literally “west + melon”). Compare modern Mandarin 西瓜 (xīguā, “watermelon”). sui is the 唐音 of 西. There is an alternative spelling of 水瓜, which may be seen as both ateji and a calque of English watermelon.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) すいか [sùíká] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sɨᵝika̠]

Noun

西(すい)瓜(か) • (suika)  (historical kana すいくわ)

1. watermelon

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 西瓜糖(すいかとう) (suikatō, “watermelon sugar, sugar made by concentrating watermelon juice”)
• 西瓜割(すいかわ)り (suikawari, “a traditional Japanese game that involves splitting a watermelon with a stick whilst blindfolded”)

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Okinawan

Kanji in this term
西	瓜
しー Grade: 2	くゎ Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕiːkʷa/

Noun

西瓜 (hiragana しーくゎ, katakana シークヮ, rōmaji shīkwa)

1. watermelon

   Synonym: 広東瓜 (kwantuui)

References

• “シークヮ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary.