사화

Korean

Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 士禍, from 士 (“scholar”) + 禍 (“calamity”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 士禍)

1. (historical) Korean literati purges

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 私和 (“a criminal case settled privately”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사화]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sahwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 私和)

1. (in-court) reconciliation, (out-of-court) settlement
2. making up; resolving a grudge; making peace (with one another)

   Synonym: 화해(和解) (hwahae)

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 詞華.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사화]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sahwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 詞華)

1. Synonym of 사조(詞藻) (sajo, “flowery words; prose and poetry”)

Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from 詞話.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사화]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sahwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 詞話)

1. a particular type of biography of an author, explaining their background, œuvre, etc.
2. a type of folk art known as 강창(講唱) (gangchang), popular in the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties

Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 四 (“four”) + 華 (“poem”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 四華)

1. (Buddhism) the four lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) flowers that came down from heaven as the first ancestors of humanity when Shakyamuni spoke of the Lotus Sūtra
2. (collectively) the white lotus, great Japanese lotus, red lotus, and great red lotus

Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 史 (“history”) + 畫 (“drawing”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 史畫/史畵)

1. historical drawing

   Synonym: 역사화(歷史畫) (yeoksahwa)

Etymology 7

Sino-Korean word from 史話 (“narrative history book”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 史話)

1. an historical story; historiette

Etymology 8

Sino-Korean word from 史 (“history”) + 禍 (“disaster”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 史禍)

1. political or social trouble related to the writing or publishing of historical records
   1. (especially during Japanese colonialism) consequences brought against writers who criticized the government or ruling party

Etymology 9

Sino-Korean word from 死火.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 死火)

1. an extinguished fire
2. (Buddhism) used to compare death to the extinguishing of a fire

Etymology 10

Sino-Korean word from 死貨.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 死貨)

1. historical currency

Etymology 11

Sino-Korean word from 賜花.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)βwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)화]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sahwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sahwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sahwa
Yale Romanization?	sāhwa

Noun

사화 • (sahwa) (hanja 賜花)

1. Synonym of 어사화(御賜花) (eosahwa, “(historical) paper flowers the king gave to his courtiers at dinner”)