Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-
Proto-Indo-European
Root
*bʰuH- (perfective)
Reconstruction notes
Some sources such as LIV reconstruct full-grade forms *bʰewh₂- or *bʰweh₂-, on the basis of Italic and Celtic preterite and subjunctive stem.[1] According to Jasanoff, this root has no full grade, and the laryngeal cannot be precisely determined.[2]
Alternative reconstructions
- *bʰuh₂-[3]
Derived terms
Template:PIE root see Template:PIE root see
Note: In many descendants, this root formed a suppletive verbal paradigm together with other roots, such as *h₁es- and *h₂wes-.
- *bʰúH-t (zero-grade root aorist)
- *bʰéwH-eti (full-grade root present) (these are analogical according to some sources)
- *bʰuH-yé-ti (ye-present)
- *bʰowH-éye-ti (causative)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bowˀeitei?
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰāwáyati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰāwáyati
- Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāváyati)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰāwáyati
- *bʰe-bʰúH-e ~ *bʰe-bʰuH-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)
- *bʰúH-tis
- *bʰuH-ti-ḱos
- *bʰúH-tus
- Balto-Slavic:
- Lithuanian: bū́tu
- Old Prussian: būton, boūton
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[4] (denominal from the supine of *byti)
- Balto-Slavic:
- *bʰúH-mn̥
- *bʰuH-eh₂
- Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)
- Hellenic:
- *bʰuH-tós
- Balto-Slavic:
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[4]
- Proto-Celtic: *butā
- Hellenic:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás
- Balto-Slavic:
- *bʰuH-lom
- *bʰuH-s
- Italic:
- Latin (pro)bus, (super)bus, (trī)bus
- Italic:
- *bʰúH-tlom
- *pro-bʰHus (“good, excellent”)[5]
- *swe-bʰuH- (perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))
- Unsorted formations:
Further reading
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 146
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
References
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 98-101
- ^ Jay Jasanoff, Hittite and the Indo-European Verb, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, pages 112, 113
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “byti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 03 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 155
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN