User:Victar/PIE ML-
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#ml
[edit]- *ml-éh₁-ti ~ *ml-éh₁-n̥ti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mláHti
- *ml̥-né-h₁-ti ~ *ml̥-n-h₂-énti (nasal-infix present)
- *ml̥h₁-é-ti[ml 2]
- Proto-Celtic: *maleti
- *ml̥h₁-éḱ-s ~ *ml̥h₁-ḱ-ós[ml 3]
- *ml̥h₂-sk-u-[ml 4]
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: [script needed] c (mi-li-iš-ku-uš /miliškuš/), [script needed] n (ma-li-iš-ku /mališku/, “weak; light, unimportant”)
- Proto-Anatolian:
- *ml̥h₁-ti-s ~ *ml̥h₁-téy-s[ml 5]
- Proto-Celtic: *mlātis (“tender, soft”)
- *ml̥h₁-tó-s[ml 6]
- Proto-Celtic: *mlātos (“flour”)
- *(m)léh₁-de-ti (“to be weary, tired”)[n 2]
- *ml-éh₁ye-ti[ml 7]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mláHyati
- Serbo-Croatian: mli̋tati (“to be lazy”)
- *mlih₁-nó-s[ml 8]
- *mlih₁-tó-s[n 3]
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: [script needed] (miliddu), [script needed] (maliddu)
- Luwian: [script needed] (mlitu-)
- Proto-Germanic: *blīþiz (“gentle, mild”)
- Proto-Anatolian:
- *mlih₁-wó-s
- Proto-Germanic: *blīwą (“lead”)
Others
[edit]- *melh₃- (“to emerge”)
- *mlewh₂- (“to say, speak”)
- *melkʷ- ~ *mlekʷ- (“to hinder, damage, destroy”)
- *mlékʷ-e-ti
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: [script needed] (ma-LI-IG-ku-un, “to be ill, damaged”)
- Proto-Anatolian:
- *mlékʷ-eh₂
- *ml̥-né-kʷ-ti ~ *ml̥-n-kʷ-énti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mr̥nákti ~ *mr̥nčáti
- Proto-Iranian: *mr̥náxti ~ *mr̥nčáti
- Avestan: 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬉 (mərəncaitē, “to destroy”)
- Proto-Iranian: *mr̥náxti ~ *mr̥nčáti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mr̥nákti ~ *mr̥nčáti
- *ml̥kʷ-yé-ti
- *mlékʷ-eh₂
- *mlékʷ-e-ti
- *smel- (“to burn”)
- References
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*mraH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274
- ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 114, 145
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “896”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page μαλακός
- ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “mališku-, milišku-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 549
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “blati-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 78
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “blato-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 77
- ^ Lua error in Module:quote at line 2600: |title= is an alias of |chapter=; cannot specify a value for both
- ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 114, 145
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “mallos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, pages 214-215
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (1988) The System of Nominal Accentuation in Sanskrit and Proto-Indo-European[1], Brill, page 110
#mr
[edit]- *mregʰ- (“brain”)¹
- *mregʰ- (“to rain”)²
#wl
[edit]- *wel- (“to see”)
- *wl-éy-ti (ey-aktionsart)
- *wl̥-tú-s (“appearance”)
- *wel- (“to enclose, cover”)
- *welu- (“large predator”)
- *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”) (perhaps < *wlū́-pḱu-s ~ *wl̥-pḱw-és + *(p)ḱwṓ (“dog”))
- *wélyos (< *wéylos)
- *mle-d-eh₂
- Old Irish: bled
- *mle-d-yo-s
- Proto-Brythonic: *blėð
- *welh₁- (“to choose, select”)
- *welh₃- (“to strike”)
- *welH- (“to be strong, have power”)
- *wleykʷ- (“to wet; moist”)
- *wléykʷ-ti ~ *wlikʷ-énti
- *wlikʷ-eh₁-(ye)-ti (eh₁-stative)
- Proto-Italic: *(w)likʷēō
- Latin: liqueō
- Proto-Italic: *(w)likʷēō
- *wlikʷ-o-s
- Proto-Celtic: *wlikʷos (“wet”)
- *wlikʷ-tó-s (“dew”)
- Proto-Celtic: *wlixto-
- Unsorted formations:
- Tocharian B: laikanaträ (“washes”)
- Tocharian B: likṣan- (“washes”)
#wr
[edit]- *wreh₂d- (“branch, root”)
- *wreyḱ- (“to twist, bend”)
Notes
[edit]- ^ schwebeablaut
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*leh₁¹-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 400
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*blīþ(j)az”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 49
- regressive distant assimilation:
- *d...g > g...g (OCS žegǫ ‘I burn’ (< *geg- < *degwith)
- *d...m > n...m (Lituation, ex. nãmas)
- *p...kʷ > *kʷ...*kʷ (Italo-Celtic, ex. Lat. quīnque, OIr. cóic (“five”))
- *m...*kʷ > *w...*kʷ
- *b...*n > *m...*n (Iranian, ex. sogd. 'mn'k(*amama-ka-) 'Apfelbaum')
- *#(C)n...N > (*)#l...N (CAnat./Hitt.)
- gʷ...h₃ > h₃...h₃ (CAnat./Hitt., *gweih3)
- *r...n > *n...n (tocharian n˜kante)
- *p...kʷ > *p...*p (Proto-Germanic *fimfi)
- *w - k" >*w - p, vgl. germ. *wulfa- ‘Wolf
- progressive distant assimilation:
- *ś...s > ś...ś (Sanskrit, ex. शश (śaśá))
- *š...k > š...ḫ (Hittite, ex. [Term?] (/ishahru/, “tear”))
- (Vedic, ex. -mant- ~ -vant-)
- distant dissimilation:
- *l...l > {*l...*r, *r...*l} (Italic)
- labial assimilation:
- nasal assimilation of labials:
- w > m /{u, w}_ (Hittite)