afanar

Catalan

Etymology

From afanyar (“to hurry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ə.fəˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.faˈnaɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
• Hyphenation: a‧fa‧nar

Verb

afanar (first-person singular present afano, first-person singular preterite afaní, past participle afanat)

1. (transitive) to pilfer, to steal

   Synonyms: furtar, rampinyar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afanar (first conjugation)

infinitive			afanar
gerund			afanant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		afanat		afanada
		plural		afanats		afanades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	afano	afanes	afana	afanem	afaneu	afanen
	imperfect	afanava	afanaves	afanava	afanàvem	afanàveu	afanaven
	future	afanaré	afanaràs	afanarà	afanarem	afanareu	afanaran
	preterite	afaní	afanares	afanà	afanàrem	afanàreu	afanaren
	conditional	afanaria	afanaries	afanaria	afanaríem	afanaríeu	afanarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	afani	afanis	afani	afanem	afaneu	afanin
	imperfect	afanés	afanessis	afanés	afanéssim	afanéssiu	afanessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	afana	afani	afanem	afaneu	afanin
	negative (no)	—	no afanis	no afani	no afanem	no afaneu	no afanin

Derived terms

• afanada
• afanador
• afaneta

Further reading

• “afanar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Portuguese

Etymology

From afã +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.faˈna(ʁ)/ [a.faˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.faˈna(ʁ)/ [a.faˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.faˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.faˈna(ʁ)/ [a.faˈna(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.faˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɐˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɐˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɐˈna.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: a‧fa‧nar

Verb

afanar (first-person singular present afano, first-person singular preterite afanei, past participle afanado)

1. to obtain with effort

   Synonym: lograr

2. (slang) to steal

   Synonyms: fanar, roubar, furtar

3. (reflexive) to become tired

   Synonyms: cansar, fatigar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afanar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afanar
Personal	afanar	afanares	afanar	afanarmos	afanardes	afanarem
Gerund
	afanando
Past participle
Masculine	afanado			afanados
Feminine	afanada			afanadas
Indicative
Present	afano	afanas	afana	afanamos	afanais	afanam
Imperfect	afanava	afanavas	afanava	afanávamos	afanáveis	afanavam
Preterite	afanei	afanaste	afanou	afanamos1, afanámos2	afanastes	afanaram
Pluperfect	afanara	afanaras	afanara	afanáramos	afanáreis	afanaram
Future	afanarei	afanarás	afanará	afanaremos	afanareis	afanarão
Conditional	afanaria	afanarias	afanaria	afanaríamos	afanaríeis	afanariam
Subjunctive
Present	afane	afanes	afane	afanemos	afaneis	afanem
Imperfect	afanasse	afanasses	afanasse	afanássemos	afanásseis	afanassem
Future	afanar	afanares	afanar	afanarmos	afanardes	afanarem
Imperative
Affirmative		afana	afane	afanemos	afanai	afanem
Negative (não)		não afanes	não afane	não afanemos	não afaneis	não afanem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Further reading

• “afanar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “afanar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Unknown. Perhaps from Arabic فَنَاء (fanāʔ), although Vulgar Latin etymologies have also been suggested. Cognate with Italian affannare (“to leave breathless; vex”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /afaˈnaɾ/ [a.faˈnaɾ]

• Audio (Venezuela):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧fa‧nar

Verb

afanar (first-person singular present afano, first-person singular preterite afané, past participle afanado)

1. (colloquial) to steal, pinch

   Ese taxista me quiso afanar.

   The taxi guy wanted to rip me off.

   Me han afanado el celular.

   My mobile has been stolen.

2. to be busy
3. (reflexive) to toil, to work hard

   se afanó para conquistar su independencia

   worked hard to obtain its independence

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afanar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			afanar
gerund			afanando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		afanado		afanada
		plural		afanados		afanadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	afano	afanastú afanásvos	afana	afanamos	afanáis	afanan
	imperfect	afanaba	afanabas	afanaba	afanábamos	afanabais	afanaban
	preterite	afané	afanaste	afanó	afanamos	afanasteis	afanaron
	future	afanaré	afanarás	afanará	afanaremos	afanaréis	afanarán
	conditional	afanaría	afanarías	afanaría	afanaríamos	afanaríais	afanarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	afane	afanestú afanésvos2	afane	afanemos	afanéis	afanen
	imperfect (ra)	afanara	afanaras	afanara	afanáramos	afanarais	afanaran
	imperfect (se)	afanase	afanases	afanase	afanásemos	afanaseis	afanasen
	future1	afanare	afanares	afanare	afanáremos	afanareis	afanaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		afanatú afanávos	afane	afanemos	afanad	afanen
	negative		no afanes	no afane	no afanemos	no afanéis	no afanen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of afanar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive afanar	dative	afanarme	afanarte	afanarle, afanarse	afanarnos	afanaros	afanarles, afanarse
	accusative	afanarme	afanarte	afanarlo, afanarla, afanarse	afanarnos	afanaros	afanarlos, afanarlas, afanarse
with gerund afanando	dative	afanándome	afanándote	afanándole, afanándose	afanándonos	afanándoos	afanándoles, afanándose
	accusative	afanándome	afanándote	afanándolo, afanándola, afanándose	afanándonos	afanándoos	afanándolos, afanándolas, afanándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative afana	dative	afáname	afánate	afánale	afánanos	not used	afánales
	accusative	afáname	afánate	afánalo, afánala	afánanos	not used	afánalos, afánalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative afaná	dative	afaname	afanate	afanale	afananos	not used	afanales
	accusative	afaname	afanate	afanalo, afanala	afananos	not used	afanalos, afanalas
with formal second-person singular imperative afane	dative	afáneme	not used	afánele, afánese	afánenos	not used	afáneles
	accusative	afáneme	not used	afánelo, afánela, afánese	afánenos	not used	afánelos, afánelas
with first-person plural imperative afanemos	dative	not used	afanémoste	afanémosle	afanémonos	afanémoos	afanémosles
	accusative	not used	afanémoste	afanémoslo, afanémosla	afanémonos	afanémoos	afanémoslos, afanémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative afanad	dative	afanadme	not used	afanadle	afanadnos	afanaos	afanadles
	accusative	afanadme	not used	afanadlo, afanadla	afanadnos	afanaos	afanadlos, afanadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative afanen	dative	afánenme	not used	afánenle	afánennos	not used	afánenles, afánense
	accusative	afánenme	not used	afánenlo, afánenla	afánennos	not used	afánenlos, afánenlas, afánense

Derived terms

• afanador

Related terms

• afán

Further reading

• “afanar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024