aral

See also: Aral

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Breton arall, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): /aˈraːl/

Adjective

aral (plural erel)

1. other (not the one previously referred to)

References

• “aral” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.

Daur

Noun

aral

1. yoke

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay aral, from Persian عَرَض ('araz), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaral/
• Rhymes: -ral, -al, -l
• Hyphenation: aral

Noun

aral (plural aral-aral)

1. obstacle, hindrance

   Synonyms: alangan, rintangan

Further reading

• “aral”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Irish

Etymology

From New Latin arillus, from Medieval Latin arilli.

Noun

aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)

1. (botany) aril

Declension

Declension of aral (first declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative aral arail vocative a arail a arala genitive arail aral dative aral arail forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an t-aral na harail genitive an arail na n-aral dative leis an aral don aral leis na harail

Mutation

Mutated forms of aral

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
aral	n-aral	haral	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “aral”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian عَرَض ('araz, “accident”), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaral/ [ˈʔa.ral]

Noun

aral (Jawi spelling عرل, plural aral-aral or aral²)

1. obstacle, hindrance

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• mengaralkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)

Descendants

• Indonesian: aral

Further reading

• "aral" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "aral" at PRPM first version)

Tagalog

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáH

Sanskrit आ (ā)

Sanskrit आ- (ā-)

Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-

Proto-Indo-Iranian *čarH-

Sanskrit चर् (car)

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Sanskrit -अ (-a)

Sanskrit चर (cara)vṛd.

Sanskrit चार (cāra)

Sanskrit आचार (ācāra)

Proto-Indo-European *-yós

Sanskrit -य (-ya)

Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya)

Malay ajarbor.?

Tagalog aral

Possibly borrowed from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya), from आचार (ācāra) + -य (-ya). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Central Bikol adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈʔaɾal/ [ˈʔaː.ɾɐl] (noun)

    • Audio:

      (file)

    • Rhymes: -aɾal
  • IPA^(key): /ʔaˈɾal/ [ʔɐˈɾal] (adjective)
    • Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: a‧ral

Noun

aral (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

1. study; studying

   Synonym: pag-aaral

2. instruction; education

   Synonym: turo

3. moral lesson; moral teaching (especially from a story)

   Synonym: leksiyon

   Puno ng aral ang Bibliya.

   The Bible is full of lessons.

4. counsel; admonition; advice

   Synonym: payo

Derived terms

• aral-aralan
• aral-kapatid
• aralan
• aralin
• araling panlipunan
• araling-pambahay
• bahay-paaralan
• ipangaral
• kaaral
• kamag-aaral
• mababang paaralan
• mag-aaral
• mag-aral
• magpaaral
• mangangaral
• mangaral
• mataas na paaralan
• may-pinag-aralan
• napag-aralan
• paaralan
• paaralang bayan
• paaralang elementarya
• paaralang primarya
• paaralang sekundarya
• pag-aaral
• pag-aralan
• paksang-aralin
• palaaral
• pampaaralan
• pangangaral
• pangaral
• pangaralan
• papag-aralin
• pinag-aralan
• silid-aralan
• silid-paaralan
• takdang-aralin

See also

• asal

Adjective

arál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

1. studious; given to studying; studied
2. trained; well-trained; educated

References

• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016), Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 51
• Zorc, David Paul (1977), The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction (Pacific Linguistics, Series C, No. 44)‎^[2], Canberra: Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, page 213
• Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera (1887), El sanscrito en la lengua tagalog‎^[3] (in Spanish), Paris: Imprimerie de la Faculté de Médecine, A. Davy, page 17
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado por…, ultimamente aumentado y corregido por varios religiosos de la Orden de Agustinos calzados.‎^[4] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: Ramírez y Giraudier.

Further reading

• “aral”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2025
• “aral”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

Anagrams

• lara

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آرال (aral, “archipelago”), from a Mongolic language, ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *aral, compare Mongolian арал (aral), Uyghur ئارال (aral).

Noun

aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar) (obsolete)

1. archipelago
2. island

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “ارال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[5] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 11
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “aral”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 276
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ارال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 58