herra

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See also: Herra, herrá, and herrå

Basque[edit]

Noun[edit]

herra

  1. hatred

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Old Swedish herra, from Old Norse herra, from Old Saxon hērro, from Old High German hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”). Cognates include Danish herre, Norwegian herre, Swedish herre, Icelandic herra, Dutch heer, German Herr. The Old High German word originally meant "grey, grey-haired", and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), making it cognate with Old English hār (English hoar), Old Norse hárr.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈherːɑ/, [ˈhe̞rːɑ]
  • Audio
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -erːɑ
  • Syllabification: her‧ra

Noun[edit]

herra

  1. mister, gentleman, sir (polite address)
    Anteeksi, herra ...
    Excuse me, sir ...
    Hyvät herrat!
    Gentlemen!
    Herra Virtanen, voinko puhua kanssanne?
    Mister Virtanen, may I speak with you?
  2. lord (person having formal authority over others)
  3. lord (person enjoying great respect in a community)
  4. lord, master (owner)
  5. Alternative letter-case form of Herra (“Lord”)
  6. (informal) a member of the ruling or upper class; (in the plural) the ruling or upper class

Declension[edit]

Inflection of herra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative herra herrat
genitive herran herrojen
partitive herraa herroja
illative herraan herroihin
singular plural
nominative herra herrat
accusative nom. herra herrat
gen. herran
genitive herran herrojen
herrainrare
partitive herraa herroja
inessive herrassa herroissa
elative herrasta herroista
illative herraan herroihin
adessive herralla herroilla
ablative herralta herroilta
allative herralle herroille
essive herrana herroina
translative herraksi herroiksi
instructive — herroin
abessive herratta herroitta
comitative — herroineen
Possessive forms of herra (type kala)
possessor singular plural
1st person herrani herramme
2nd person herrasi herranne
3rd person herransa

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Compounds[edit]

compounds

Icelandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse herra, from Old Saxon hērro, from Old Dutch hēriro, Old High German hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”). Cognates include Danish, Norwegian and Swedish herre, Dutch heer, German Herr. The Old High German word originally meant “grey, grey-haired”, and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), making it cognate with Old English hār (English hoar), Old Norse hárr.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

herra m (genitive singular herra, nominative plural herrar)

  1. lord, master
  2. the Lord (God)
  3. an honorific title for a bishop; Lord
  4. an honorific title for a noble; Lord
  5. an honorific title for the highest state officials, now especially the president, but also a sýslumaður (the local official of the state in each sýsla), ambassador, etc.; Excellency
  6. mister (general honorific for a man, especially in writing; usually abbreviated: hr.)
  7. a general deferential form of address to a male; sir
  8. gentleman (general polite term for a male)
    dömur mínar og herrar
    Ladies and gentlemen.

Usage notes[edit]

Used as an honorific title (prenominally or on its own) for bishops and for the president of Iceland (also, especially historically, for some other dignitaries). Also used as a general courtesy title for men, equivalent to English mister, but then primarily in formal written correspondence and abbreviated hr. However, when it is used as an honorific title for bishops, presidents, etc., it should never be abbreviated. The equivalent female title is frú (in both contexts).

Declension[edit]

declension of herra
m-w1a singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative herra herrann herrar herrarnir
accusative herra herrann herra herrana
dative herra herranum herrum herrunum
genitive herra herrans herra herranna

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Verb[edit]

herra (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative herraði, supine herrað)

  1. (transitive) to knight or bestow nobility on
  2. (transitive) to confer on someone the dignity of herra, allow someone to be called herra
  3. (transitive) to address or refer to as herra (as should be done to bishops, etc.)

Conjugation[edit]

herra — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að herra
supine
(sagnbót) 		herrað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		herrandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég herra við herrum present
(nútíð) 		ég herri við herrum
þú herrar þið herrið þú herrir þið herrið
hann, hún, það herrar þeir, þær, þau herra hann, hún, það herri þeir, þær, þau herri
past
(þátíð) 		ég herraði við herruðum past
(þátíð) 		ég herraði við herruðum
þú herraðir þið herruðuð þú herraðir þið herruðuð
hann, hún, það herraði þeir, þær, þau herruðu hann, hún, það herraði þeir, þær, þau herruðu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		herra (þú) herrið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
herraðu herriði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
herraður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		herraður herruð herrað herraðir herraðar herruð
accusative
(þolfall) 		herraðan herraða herrað herraða herraðar herruð
dative
(þágufall) 		herruðum herraðri herruðu herruðum herruðum herruðum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		herraðs herraðrar herraðs herraðra herraðra herraðra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		herraði herraða herraða herruðu herruðu herruðu
accusative
(þolfall) 		herraða herruðu herraða herruðu herruðu herruðu
dative
(þágufall) 		herraða herruðu herraða herruðu herruðu herruðu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		herraða herruðu herraða herruðu herruðu herruðu

Ingrian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Swedish herra, from Old Norse herra. Cognates include Finnish herra.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

herra (genitive herran, partitive herraa)

  1. mister, sir

Declension[edit]

Inflection of herra
singular plural
nominative herra herrat
genitive herran herroin
partitive herraa herroja
illative herraa herroihe
inessive herraaz herroiz
elative herrast herroist
allative herralle herroille
adessive herraal herroil
ablative herralt herroilt
translative herraks herroiks
essive herraan herroin

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 58
  • Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)‎[1], page 101

Maltese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Root
h-r-j

From Arabic هَرَّأَ‎ (harraʾa).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

herra (imperfect jherri, past participle mherri)

  1. (transitive) to wear out; to cause to deteriorate gradually

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of herra
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
perfect m herrejt herrejt herra herrejna herrejtu herrew
f herriet
imperfect m nherri therri jherri nherru therru jherru
f therri
imperative herri herru

Derived terms[edit]

Old Norse[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Saxon hērro, from Old Dutch hēriro, Old High German hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”).[1] The Old High German word originally meant "grey, grey-haired", and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), making it cognate with Old English hār (English hoar), Old Norse hárr.

Noun[edit]

herra m

  1. mister, gentleman
  2. sir

Descendants[edit]

  • Danish: herre
  • Faroese: harra, harri
  • Gutnish: herre
  • Icelandic: herra, herri
  • Norwegian Bokmål: herre
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: herre
  • Swedish: herre
  • → Finnish: herra
  • Westrobothnian: harr, häärr

Verb[edit]

herra

  1. (transitive) to confer with the title of "herra" upon a person

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of herra — active (weak class 2)
infinitive herra
present participle herrandi
past participle herraðr
indicative present past
1st-person singular herra herraða
2nd-person singular herrar herraðir
3rd-person singular herrar herraði
1st-person plural herrum herruðum
2nd-person plural herrið herruðuð
3rd-person plural herra herruðu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular herra herraða
2nd-person singular herrir herraðir
3rd-person singular herri herraði
1st-person plural herrim herraðim
2nd-person plural herrið herraðið
3rd-person plural herri herraði
imperative present
2nd-person singular herra
1st-person plural herrum
2nd-person plural herrið
Conjugation of herra — mediopassive (weak class 2)
infinitive herrask
present participle herrandisk
past participle herrazk
indicative present past
1st-person singular herrumk herruðumk
2nd-person singular herrask herraðisk
3rd-person singular herrask herraðisk
1st-person plural herrumsk herruðumsk
2nd-person plural herrizk herruðuzk
3rd-person plural herrask herruðusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular herrumk herruðumk
2nd-person singular herrisk herraðisk
3rd-person singular herrisk herraðisk
1st-person plural herrimsk herraðimsk
2nd-person plural herrizk herraðizk
3rd-person plural herrisk herraðisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular herrask
1st-person plural herrumsk
2nd-person plural herrizk

References[edit]

  • herra in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  1. ^ Falk, Hjalmar; Torp, Alf (1903–06) Etymologisk ordbog over det norske og det danske sprog [Etymological Dictionary of the Norwegian and Danish Languages], page 286
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