ji-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ji"

Japanese

Romanization

ji-

1. Rōmaji transcription of じ

Jita

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *jí- (“Class 10 pronominal concord”).

Prefix

ji-

1. Class 10 noun prefix.

References

• Kagaya, Ryohei (2005), A Jita Vocabulary‎^[1], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page iii

Navajo

Alternative forms

• j-

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɪ̀-/

Prefix

ji-

1. Marks a verb as having a fourth person subject.

Usage notes

• This prefix is used when:

a) the subject is unspecified or unknown

b) the subject is obviative or non-salient in a discourse of story

c) to politely talk about someone who is present

See also

Navajo ∅-imperfective subject markers

			singular	duoplural	plural
1st person			(yi)sh-	(y)iid-	deii-
2nd person			ni-	(w)oh-	daah-
3rd person			yi-		daa-
4th person			ji-		daji-

Ojibwe

Alternative forms

• giji- (Algonquin)

Preverb

ji-

1. form of da- or daa- used in the unchanged conjunct order

   "Oo, yay," ikido, "mii waabang ji-maajaayaang," ikido.

   "Oh, goodness, we will leave tomorrow," she said.

2. that, so that, in order to

References

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ji-pv-tns

Swahili

Pronunciation

• (Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /ʄi/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *i̧ji̧-, ultimately from Proto-Bantu *ì-.

Alternative forms

• (before vowels) j-

Prefix

ji- (plural ma-)

1. ji class_(V) noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix

   jino jipya ― a new tooth

Usage notes

Many ji class_(V) nouns have no prefix, in which case the plural is formed by simply prefixing ma- to the word.

Only the adjective -pya takes the prefix ji- in ji class_(V); its form is jipya. Some adjective starting with a vowel take j-, while possessive adjectives are irregular and take l-. Other adjectives take no prefix.

See also

• Appendix:Swahili noun classes

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *ji-. Ultimate origin uncertain.

Alternative forms

• (before vowels) j-

Prefix

ji- (plural maji-)

1. augmentative prefix used with monosyllabic stems, puts words in ji class_(V)

   ‎ji- + ‎mtu (“person”) → ‎jitu (“giant”)

Usage notes

Nouns with a stem of more than one syllable and starting with a consonant get a zero prefix to form the augmentative:

‎mtoto (“child”) → ‎toto (“large child”)

Derived terms

• kiji-

Swahili terms prefixed with ji-

jitu

joka

jisanduku

Etymology 3

Prefix

ji-

1. verb-initial form of -ji- (“oneself, -self; reflexive direct object”)

See also

Swahili personal pronouns (m-wa class_(I/II))

	person	independent	subject concord		object concord	combined forms			possessive
			affirmative	negative		na	ndi-	si-
singular	first	mimi	ni-	si-	-ni-	nami, na mimi	ndimi, ndiye	simi, siye	-angu
	second	wewe	u-	hu-	-ku-	nawe, na wewe	ndiwe, ndiye	siwe, siye	-ako
	third	yeye	a-, yu-	ha-, hayu-	-m-, -mw-, -mu-	naye, na yeye	ndiye	siye	-ake
plural	first	sisi	tu-	hatu-	-tu-	nasi, na sisi	ndisi, ndio	sio	-etu
	second	ninyi	m-, mw-, mu-	ham-, hamw-, hamu-	-wa-	nanyi, na ninyi	ndinyi, ndio	sinyi, sio	-enu
	third	wao	wa-	hawa-	-wa-	nao	ndio	sio	-ao
reflexive		—	—		-ji-	—			—

For a full table including other classes, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns.

Tlingit

Prefix

ji-

1. hand prefix

Usage notes

• Occurs between the object prefix and subject prefix in Tlingit verbs.

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from English she- as in "she-ass", "she-bear", "she-bitch", "she-goat", "she-wolf", "She-Ra".

Prefix

ji-

1. Used to specify female gender.

Derived terms

Volapük terms prefixed with ji-

jicil

jicuk

jiel

jiflen

jigok

jigrud

jijevod

jijip

jiköst

jimatan

jimen

jipiak

jiplin

jireg

jispodan

jiter

Yao (Africa)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *jɪ́- (“Class 9 subject concord”).

Prefix

ji-

1. Class 9 subject concord.

References

• Rev. Alexander Hetherwick, M.A., F.R.G.S. (1902), A Handbook of the Yao Language‎^[2], Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 32