kopati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kǒpati/
Hyphenation: ko‧pa‧ti

Verb

kòpati impf (Cyrillic spelling ко̀пати)

(ambitransitive) to dig

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kopati*
		singular			plural
infinitive		kopati
present verbal adverb		kòpajūći
past verbal adverb		—
verbal noun		kòpānje

		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd
present		kopam	kopaš	kopa	kopamo	kopate	kopaju
future	future I	kopat ću¹ kopaću	kopat ćeš¹ kopaćeš	kopat će¹ kopaće	kopat ćemo¹ kopaćemo	kopat ćete¹ kopaćete	kopat ćē¹ kopaće
future	future II	bȕdēm kopao²	bȕdēš kopao²	bȕdē kopao²	bȕdēmo kopali²	bȕdēte kopali²	bȕdū kopali²
past	perfect	kopao sam²	kopao si²	kopao je²	kopali smo²	kopali ste²	kopali su²
	pluperfect³	bȉo sam kopao²	bȉo si kopao²	bȉo je kopao²	bíli smo kopali²	bíli ste kopali²	bíli su kopali²
	imperfect	kopah	kopaše	kopaše	kopasmo	kopaste	kopahu
conditional	conditional I	kopao bih²	kopao bi²	kopao bi²	kopali bismo²	kopali biste²	kopali bi²
conditional	conditional II⁴	bȉo bih kopao²	bȉo bi kopao²	bȉo bi kopao²	bíli bismo kopali²	bíli biste kopali²	bíli bi kopali²
imperative		—	kopaj	—	kopajmo	kopajte	—
active past participle		kopao m / kopala f / kopalo n			kopali m / kopale f / kopala n
passive past participle		kopan m / kopana f / kopano n			kopani m / kopane f / kopana n

¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴ Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
*Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kǫpati.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kòːpati/, /kɔpàːti/

Verb

kọ́pati or kopáti impf

(transitive) to bathe

Inflection

-ati -am or -Cati -Cjem
infinitive	kọ́pati, kopáti
1st singular	kọ́pam, kọ́pljem
infinitive	kọ́pati, kopáti		kọ́pat
supine	kọ́pat
verbal noun	kọ́panje, kopȃnje
	participle		converb
present	kopajọ̄č		kopȃje
past	kọ́pan		—
l-participle	masculine	feminine		neuter
singular	kọ́pał	kopȃla		kopálo
dual	kopála	kopáli		kopáli
plural	kopáli	kopále		kopála
	present		imperative
1st singular	kọ́pam, kọ́pljem		—
2nd singular	kọ́paš, kọ́plješ		kọ́paj, kọ́plji
3rd singular	kọ́pa, kọ́plje		—
1st dual	kọ́pava, kọ́pljeva		kọ́pajva, kopȃjva, kọ́pljiva, kopljȋva
2nd dual	kọ́pata, kọ́pljeta		kọ́pajta, kopȃjta, kọ́pljita, kopljȋta
3rd dual	kọ́pata, kọ́pljeta		—
1st plural	kọ́pamo, kọ́pljemo		kọ́pajmo, kopȃjmo, kọ́pljimo, kopljȋmo
2nd plural	kọ́pate, kọ́pljete		kọ́pajte, kopȃjte, kọ́pljite, kopljȋte
3rd plural	kọ́pajo, kọ́pljejo		—

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɔpàːti/

Verb

kopáti impf

to dig

Inflection

-Cati -Cjem or -ati -am
infinitive	kopáti
1st singular	kọ́pljem, kopȃm
infinitive	kopáti		kópat
supine	kópat
verbal noun	kopȃnje
	participle		converb
present	kopajọ̄č		kopȃje
past	kopán		—
l-participle	masculine	feminine		neuter
singular	kópał	kopȃla		kopálo
dual	kopála	kopáli		kopáli
plural	kopáli	kopále		kopála
	present		imperative
1st singular	kọ́pljem, kopȃm		—
2nd singular	kọ́plješ, kopȃš		kóplji, kópaj
3rd singular	kọ́plje, kopȃ		—
1st dual	kọ́pljeva, kopȃva		kopljȋva, kopȃjva
2nd dual	kọ́pljeta, kopȃta		kopljȋta, kopȃjta
3rd dual	kọ́pljeta, kopȃta		—
1st plural	kọ́pljemo, kopȃmo		kopljȋmo, kopȃjmo
2nd plural	kọ́pljete, kopȃte		kopljȋte, kopȃjte
3rd plural	kọ́pljejo, kopȃjo		—

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Slovene

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Inflection

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Inflection

Derived terms

Further reading