lop

See also: Lop, løp, löp, lốp, lớp, lɔ̀p, lơ̆p, lợp, and lọp

Translingual

Symbol

lop

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Lopa.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Lopa terms

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, Northern England, Wales, Canada) IPA^(key): /lɒp/
• (Standard Southern British, Scotland, Australia) IPA^(key): /lɔp/

  • Audio (Standard Southern British):

    (file)

  • Audio (Queensland):

    (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /lɑp/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /lɒp/, [lɔ̟p] ~ [lɞ̠p]
• Rhymes: -ɒp

Etymology 1

From Middle English loppe (“bough”); the verb is a back-formation from the noun.

Verb

lop (third-person singular simple present lops, present participle lopping, simple past and past participle lopped or lopt)

1. (transitive, usually with off) To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything, especially to prune a small limb off a shrub or tree, or sometimes to behead someone.
   • 1742, Edward Young, The Complaint: or Night-Thoughts on Life, Death & Immortality, Night I:

     Some, for hard masters, broken under arms,
     In battle lopt away, with half their limbs,
     Beg bitter bread thro’ realms their valour sav’d,

2. To hang downward; to be pendent; to lean to one side.
3. To allow to hang down.

   to lop the head

Synonyms

• (to cut off): snead

Derived terms

• alop
• lop down
• lop-eared
• lop off
• lopper, loppers
• loppy
• lopseed
• unlopped

Translations

cut off

• Arabic: قَلَّمَ (ar) (qallama)
• Bulgarian: кастря (bg) (kastrja), подрязвам (bg) (podrjazvam)
• Czech: osekat pf, prořezat pf, prosekat pf
• Galician: fanar, demoucar, decotar, podar (gl), moucar
• Greek: κλαδεύω (el) (kladévo)
• Hungarian: levág (hu), lenyes (hu), lecsíp (hu), levesz (hu)
• Icelandic: kvista
• Ido: rekortar (io)
• Irish: meang
• Latin: putō (la)
• Māori: pōuto
• Portuguese: podar (pt), cortar (pt)
• Russian: обруба́ть (ru) n (obrubátʹ)
• Spanish: podar (es), cortar (es), mochar (es)
• Swedish: kvista (sv), avkvista
• Turkish: budamak (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: بودامق (budamak)

Noun

lop (plural lops)

1. That which is lopped from anything, such as branches from a tree.
   • 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

     Why, we take,
     From every tree, lop, bark, and part o'the timber

   • 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:

     I ſhall not trouble you about the raiſing of them of Truncheons or Lops, because I could never find them to take; only ſometimes ſome of the ſmallest Suckers, when the Sap is newly ſtirring in them, if they are ſlipt off from the Tree, will grow

See also

• defalcate

References

• Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “lop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Etymology 2

From Middle English loppe (“flea, spider”), from Old English loppe (“spider, silk-worm, flea”), from Proto-Germanic *luppǭ (“flea, sandflea", originally, "jumper”), from Proto-Germanic *luppijaną (“to jump, dart”). Cognate with Danish loppe (“flea”), Swedish loppa (“flea”). Compare also Middle High German lüpfen, lupfen (“to raise”, obsolete also “to rise”).

Noun

lop (plural lops)

1. (Geordie) A flea.

   Hadway wi ye man, ye liftin wi lops.

   • 1651, John Cleveland, “The Hue and Cry after Sir John Presbiter”, in Poems:

     Lice, That's nick name to the stuff called Lops

Derived terms

• fit as a lop

Related terms

• lobster

References

• Frank Graham, editor (1987), “LOP”, in The New Geordie Dictionary, Rothbury, Northumberland: Butler Publishing, →ISBN.
• Bill Griffiths, editor (2004), “lop”, in A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear: Northumbria University Press, →ISBN.
• “lop”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “lop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
• Scott Dobson, Dick Irwin, “lop”, in Newcastle 1970s: Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group‎^[1], archived from the original on 5 September 2024.
• Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4
• “Lop”, in Palgrave’s Word List: Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group‎^[2], archived from the original on 5 September 2024, from F[rancis] M[ilnes] T[emple] Palgrave, A List of Words and Phrases in Everyday Use by the Natives of Hetton-le-Hole in the County of Durham […] (Publications of the English Dialect Society; 74), London: Published for the English Dialect Society by Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1896, →OCLC.
• Todd's Geordie Words and Phrases, George Todd, Newcastle, 1977[3]

Etymology 3

Back-formation from lopsided.

Noun

lop (plural lops)

1. (US, dated, slang) (usually offensive) A disabled person, a cripple.
   • 1935, Rex Stout, The League of Frightened Men, page 5:

     "He's a lop; it mentions here about his getting up to the stand with his crippled leg but it doesn't say which one."

2. Any of several breeds of rabbits whose ears lie flat.

See also

• lob
• lop chong

Anagrams

• Pol., POL, PLO, pol, OLP, LPO

A-Pucikwar

Etymology

From Proto-Great Andamanese *lap.

Verb

lop

1. to count

References

• Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 21 (2009)

Achang

Pronunciation

• (Myanmar) /lɔp˧/

Noun

lop

1. grave

Derived terms

• lop dwang

Further reading

• Inglis, Douglas; Sampu, Nasaw; Jaseng, Wilai; Jana, Thocha (2005), A preliminary Ngochang–Kachin–English Lexicon‎^[4], Payap University, page 73

Franco-Provençal

Alternative forms

• lo (Old Dauphinois)

Etymology

Inherited from Latin lupus.

Noun

lop m (plural lops) (ORB, broad)

1. wolf

References

• loup in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• lop in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

Further information

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 434: “il lupo” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
• ALF: Atlas Linguistique de la France^[5] – map 783 – on lig-tdcge.imag.fr
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “lŭpus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 5: J L, page 457

Hungarian

Etymology

Of unknown origin. First attested around 1519. Another possible citing as a proper noun in 1086 is also mentioned.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlop]
• Rhymes: -op

Verb

lop

1. (transitive) to steal, to shoplift (from someone -tól/-től)

   Másoktól lop ötleteket. ― He/she steals ideas from others.

   Synonyms: (slang) csór, lenyúl, meglovasít, megfúj, (literary) oroz, (formal) eltulajdonít, (euphemistic, informal) elemel

   Perfective: ellop

Conjugation

Conjugation of lop

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lopok	lopsz	lop	lopunk	loptok	lopnak
			def.	lopom	lopod	lopja	lopjuk	lopjátok	lopják
			2nd obj	loplak
		past	indef.	loptam	loptál	lopott	loptunk	loptatok	loptak
			def.	loptam	loptad	lopta	loptuk	loptátok	lopták
			2nd obj	loptalak
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. lopni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	lopék	lopál	lopa	lopánk	lopátok	lopának
		def.	lopám	lopád	lopá	lopánk	lopátok	lopák
		2nd obj	lopálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lop vala, lopott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	lopandok	lopandasz	lopand	lopandunk	lopandotok	lopandanak
	def.	lopandom	lopandod	lopandja	lopandjuk	lopandjátok	lopandják
	2nd obj	lopandalak
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	lopnék	lopnál	lopna	lopnánk	lopnátok	lopnának
		def.	lopnám	lopnád	lopná	lopnánk (or lopnók)	lopnátok	lopnák
		2nd obj	lopnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lopott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lopjak	lopj or lopjál	lopjon	lopjunk	lopjatok	lopjanak
			def.	lopjam	lopd or lopjad	lopja	lopjuk	lopjátok	lopják
			2nd obj	lopjalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lopott légyen
infinitive	lopni		lopnom	lopnod	lopnia	lopnunk	lopnotok	lopniuk
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
	lopás		lopó	lopott	lopandó	lopva (lopván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

Potential conjugation of lop

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lophatok	lophatsz	lophat	lophatunk	lophattok	lophatnak
			def.	lophatom	lophatod	lophatja	lophatjuk	lophatjátok	lophatják
			2nd obj	lophatlak
		past	indef.	lophattam	lophattál	lophatott	lophattunk	lophattatok	lophattak
			def.	lophattam	lophattad	lophatta	lophattuk	lophattátok	lophatták
			2nd obj	lophattalak
archaic preterite		indef.	lophaték	lophatál	lophata	lophatánk	lophatátok	lophatának
		def.	lophatám	lophatád	lophatá	lophatánk	lophatátok	lophaták
		2nd obj	lophatálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lophat vala, lophatott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	lophatandok or lopandhatok	lophatandasz or lopandhatsz	lophatand or lopandhat	lophatandunk or lopandhatunk	lophatandotok or lopandhattok	lophatandanak or lopandhatnak
	def.	lophatandom or lopandhatom	lophatandod or lopandhatod	lophatandja or lopandhatja	lophatandjuk or lopandhatjuk	lophatandjátok or lopandhatjátok	lophatandják or lopandhatják
	2nd obj	lophatandalak or lopandhatlak
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	lophatnék	lophatnál	lophatna	lophatnánk	lophatnátok	lophatnának
		def.	lophatnám	lophatnád	lophatná	lophatnánk (or lophatnók)	lophatnátok	lophatnák
		2nd obj	lophatnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lophatott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	lophassak	lophass or lophassál	lophasson	lophassunk	lophassatok	lophassanak
			def.	lophassam	lophasd or lophassad	lophassa	lophassuk	lophassátok	lophassák
			2nd obj	lophassalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lophatott légyen
infinitive	(lophatni)		(lophatnom)	(lophatnod)	(lophatnia)	(lophatnunk)	(lophatnotok)	(lophatniuk)
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
	lopható			lophatatlan		(lophatva / lophatván)

Derived terms

• lopakodik
• lopat
• lopás
• lopdos
• lopható
• lopkod
• lopogat
• lopódzik
• loppal
• lopva

Compound words

• naplopó

With verbal prefixes

• belelop
• belop
• ellop
• hozzálop
• kilop
• lelop
• meglop
• összelop
• visszalop

Descendants

• Serbo-Croatian: lopov
• Slovene: lópov

See also

• csen
• rabol

Further reading

• lop in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch loop, from Middle Dutch lôop, from Old Dutch *lōp.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɔp̚]
• Hyphenation: lop

Noun

lop

1. barrel (of a firearm)

   Synonym: laras

Further reading

• “lop”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Livonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *loppu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlop/, [ˈlopː]

Noun

lop

1. bay (body of water)
2. corner of the mouth

   Synonym: sūlop

Declension

Declension of lop (79)

	singular (ikšlu’g)	plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv)	lop	lopūd
genitive (genitīv)	lop	lopūd
partitive (partitīv)	loppõ	lopīdi
dative (datīv)	loppõn	lopūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	loppõks	lopūdõks
illative (illatīv)	loppõ	lopīž
inessive (inesīv)	lopsõ	lopīs
elative (elatīv)	lopstõ	lopīst

References

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “lop”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[6] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Middle English

Noun

lop

1. alternative form of loppe (“spider”)

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan lop, from Latin lupus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlup]

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Noun

lop m (plural lops, feminine loba, feminine plural lobas)

1. wolf

Derived terms

• cese de lop
• penche de lop

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *loppu.

Noun

lop

1. end
2. (often in the plural) the rest
3. (grammar) ending

Declension

Inflection of lop (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing.	lop
genitive sing.	lopun
partitive sing.	lopud
partitive plur.	lopuid
	singular	plural
nominative	lop	lopud
accusative	lopun	lopud
genitive	lopun	lopuiden
partitive	lopud	lopuid
essive-instructive	lopun	lopuin
translative	lopuks	lopuikš
inessive	lopus	lopuiš
elative	lopuspäi	lopuišpäi
illative	lopuhu	lopuihe
adessive	lopul	lopuil
ablative	lopulpäi	lopuilpäi
allative	lopule	lopuile
abessive	loputa	lopuita
comitative	lopunke	lopuidenke
prolative	lopudme	lopuidme
approximative I	lopunno	lopuidenno
approximative II	lopunnoks	lopuidennoks
egressive	lopunnopäi	lopuidennopäi
terminative I	lopuhusai	lopuihesai
terminative II	lopulesai	lopuilesai
terminative III	lopussai	—
additive I	lopuhupäi	lopuihepäi
additive II	lopulepäi	lopuilepäi

Volapük

Noun

lop (genitive lopa, plural lops)

1. opera

Declension

Declension of lop

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lop	lops
Genitive	lopa	lopas
Dative	lope	lopes
Accusative	lopi	lopis
Predicative1	lopu	lopus
Vocative	o lop	o lops

1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Derived terms

• lopöp
• lopül