mazs
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Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Baltic *maźas, from Proto-Indo-European *meǵʰ-, *moǵʰ- (“big, small, i.e., size extremes)”). Cognates include Lithuanian mãžas, Sudovian maz, Old Prussian massais ([mazais], “smaller”),, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍃 (magus, “boy (i.e., little)”), Old English micel (“large, big, great”) (English much), Albanian madh (“big”), Old Armenian մեծ (mec, “great, large”), Sanskrit मह (mahá, “great, mighty, strong, abundant”), Old Irish maige (“great, large”), Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas, “big, large”), Latin magnus (“big”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Adjective
[edit]mazs (definite mazais, comparative mazāks, superlative vismazākais, adverb maz)
- small, little (having less than the (average, fitting) size of other similar objects, beings, areas, etc.)
- mazs cilvēks, dzīvnieks, galds ― small person, animal, table
- mazas kājas ― small feet, legs
- cepure par mazu ― a hat too small
- mazais sikspārnis ― the small bat (smaller than other species)
- maza pļava ― small meadow
- mazs ciemats ― small village
- small, short (having less than the (average) distance between start and end points)
- mazs atvēziens, palēciens ― small swing, jump
- maza amplitūda ― small amplitude
- (of natural phenomena) small, little, low (weak, having low intensity)
- mazs vējiņš ― small, little breeze
- maza migla ― low fog
- (of physical phenomena) small, short, low, weak (less in numerical value than (the average of) other measurements; less intense, faint)
- mazs ātrums, spriegums ― low speed, tension/voltage
- mazs garums ― short length
- mazs skaits ― small number
- mazs skaitlis ― low figure
- maza nauda ― (colloquial) small money sum (lit. little money)
- bet lai tu vairs neizlaistu pat vismazākās skaņas! ― but you won't let out even the smallest (= faintest) sound anymore!
- (of time periods; of texts) little, short
- pēc maza brīža ― after a short moment
- mazs dzejolis ― little, short poem
- small (with few members (people, animals, objects, elements))
- maza ģimene ― small family
- mazs ganāmpulks ― small herd
- little, low (less than the normal or average level, limit, degree)
- mazs piena izlaukums ― low milk yield
- maza barības vērtība ― little, low nutritional value
- little, small (with little influence or consequence; not worth much)
- mazas nepatikšanas ― little, small trouble
- saņemt mazas veltes ― to get small presents
- small, short (not requiring much effort or energy)
- mazs pasākums ― small undertaking, enterprise
- maza pastaiga ― short walk, stroll
- mazi svētki ― small, unimportant holidays
- small, little (indicating lack of freedom of action, constraints)
- mazas priekšrocības ― small advantage
- maza izvēle ― little choice
- man vairs nebija ne mazākās iespējas novākt slepenā darba pēdas ― I no longer had the slightest possibility of removing the traces of secret work
- (of mental or physical states) small (not intense, not intensely felt)
- mazas sāpes' ― small pain
- mazs nogurums ― small fatigue, tiredness
- (of people) small (selfish; having negative character traits)
- mazs nekauņa ― a little impudent, impertinent person
- mazs palaidnis ― a little rascal
- liels zinātnieks; tikai kā cilvēks diemžēl izrādījies mazs ― a great scientist; only as a person, unfortunately, he showed himself small
- (of people) small (lacking self-confidence, humble)
- jutos maza un niecīga viņu priekšā ― I (female) felt small and insignificant in front of them
- (of people) small (unimportant; not owning much property; poor)
- mazs muižnieks, namīpašnieks ― small landlord
- (of children) small, little, young (infant, not having reached maturity)
- mazs bērns ― small child
- Ilzi es jau pazinu kā mazu meitenīti ― Ilze I already knew as a little girl
- mazā kaut ko gaida ― the little one (= girl) is waiting for something
- mazais jāliek gulēt ― the little one (= boy) must be put to sleep
- small (not brilliant, not important, not significant)
- ir atzinumi lieli, mazi ― opinions there are big and small
- laiks aizšalc, aiznesdams izzūdībai visu mazo, niecīgo, nenozīmīgo ― time rustles (by), taking into non-existence all that is small, unimportant, insignificant
Declension
[edit]indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of mazs
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | mazs | mazi | maza | mazas | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | mazu | mazus | mazu | mazas | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | maza | mazu | mazas | mazu | |||||
dative (datīvs) | mazam | maziem | mazai | mazām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | mazu | maziem | mazu | mazām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | mazā | mazos | mazā | mazās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Synonyms
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “mazs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN