requiem

See also: Requiem, réquiem, and rèquiem

English

WOTD – 29 August 2009

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹɛ.kwi.əm/, /ˈɹɛ.kwi.ɛm/
• Hyphenation: re‧qui‧em

• Audio (AU)

  (file)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English requiem, from Latin requiem, the first word of the introit for the traditional requiem mass, an alternative accusative case of Latin requiēs (“rest, repose”), from re- (“again”) + quiēs (“rest, quiet”).

Noun

requiem (plural requiems)

1. A mass (especially Catholic) to honor and remember a dead person.
2. A musical composition for such a mass.
3. A piece of music composed to honor a dead person.
4. (obsolete) Rest; peace.

Coordinate terms

• dirge, elegy, threnody – funeral songs

Derived terms

• requiem mass

Related terms

• requiescat
• See related terms of quiet

Translations

mass to honor and remember a dead person

• Armenian: հոգեհանգիստ (hy) (hogehangist)
• Belarusian: паніхі́да f (panixída), рэ́квіем m (rékvijem)
• Bulgarian: панихи́да f (panihída), по́мен (bg) m (pómen)
• Catalan: rèquiem m
• Czech: rekviem n
• Danish: rekviem (da) n
• Dutch: requiem (nl), dodenmis (nl)
• Faroese: sálarmessa f
• Finnish: sielunmessu (fi)
• French: requiem (fr) m
• Georgian: პანაშვიდი (ka) (ṗanašvidi)
• German: Requiem (de) n, Totenmesse (de) f, Seelenmesse f
• Greek: μνημόσυνο (el) n (mnimósyno)
• Hungarian: rekviem (hu), gyászmise (hu)
• Icelandic: sálumessa f
• Ido: requiem (io)
• Indonesian: rekuiem (id)
• Italian: requiem (it), messa funebre f, onoranze funebri f or f pl
• Japanese: 死者のためのミサ (shishano tame no misa), 引導 (ja) (いんどう, indō)
• Latin: missa pro defunctis f
• Macedonian: ре́квием m (rékviem)
• Middle English: requiem
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rekviem n

  Nynorsk: rekviem n

• Polish: msza za zmarłych f, rekwiem n, requiem (pl) n, panichida (pl) f (Orthodox)
• Portuguese: réquiem (pt) m
• Romanian: parastas (ro) n, recviem (ro) n
• Russian: панихи́да (ru) f (panixída), ре́квием (ru) m (rɛ́kvijem)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: опе́ло n, опије́ло n

  Roman: opélo (sh) n, opijélo (sh) n

• Spanish: réquiem (es) m
• Swedish: rekviem (sv) n
• Ukrainian: панихи́да f (panyxýda), ре́квієм m (rékvijem)

musical composition composed for such a mass

• Belarusian: рэ́квіем m (rékvijem)
• Bulgarian: ре́квием m (rékviem)
• Catalan: rèquiem m
• Czech: rekviem n
• Danish: rekviem (da) n
• Dutch: requiem (nl), dodenmis (nl)
• Finnish: requiem (fi)
• French: requiem (fr) m
• German: Requiem (de) n, Totenmesse (de) f
• Hungarian: rekviem (hu)
• Icelandic: sálumessa f
• Ido: requiem (io)
• Japanese: 鎮魂歌 (ちんこ​んか, chinkonka)
• Korean: 진혼가(鎭魂歌) (jinhon'ga)
• Ladino: endecha
• Macedonian: ре́квием m (rékviem)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rekviem n

  Nynorsk: rekviem n

• Polish: rekwiem n, requiem (pl) n
• Portuguese: réquiem (pt) m
• Russian: ре́квием (ru) m (rɛ́kvijem)
• Spanish: réquiem (es) m
• Swedish: rekviem (sv) n
• Turkish: ağıt (tr)
• Ukrainian: ре́квієм m (rékvijem)
• Zazaki: hewal

piece of music composed to honor a dead person

• Bulgarian: ре́квием m (rékviem)
• Danish: rekviem (da) n
• Finnish: requiem (fi)
• French: requiem (fr) m
• Hungarian: rekviem (hu)
• Ido: requiem (io)
• Japanese: 鎮魂歌 (ちんこ​んか, chinkonka)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rekviem n

  Nynorsk: rekviem n

• Russian: ре́квием (ru) m (rɛ́kvijem)
• Swedish: rekviem (sv) n

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} réquiem (es)

Etymology 2

From French requin, altered by association with Etymology 1, above.

Noun

requiem (plural requiems)

1. A large or dangerous shark, specifically, (zoology) a member of the family Carcharhinidae.
   • 1973, Patrick Buchanan, A Requiem of Sharks:

     Any man-eater is called a requiem.

Derived terms

• requiem shark

Basque

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin requiem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rekjem/ [re.kjẽm], /rekiem/ [re.ki.ẽm]
• Rhymes: -ekjem, -iem

Noun

requiem inan

1. requiem (mass)
2. requiem (musical composition)

Declension

Declension of requiem (inanimate, ending in consonant)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	requiem	requiema	requiemak
ergative	requiemek	requiemak	requiemek
dative	requiemi	requiemari	requiemei
genitive	requiemen	requiemaren	requiemen
comitative	requiemekin	requiemarekin	requiemekin
causative	requiemengatik	requiemarengatik	requiemengatik
benefactive	requiementzat	requiemarentzat	requiementzat
instrumental	requiemez	requiemaz	requiemez
inessive	requiemetan	requiemean	requiemetan
locative	requiemetako	requiemeko	requiemetako
allative	requiemetara	requiemera	requiemetara
terminative	requiemetaraino	requiemeraino	requiemetaraino
directive	requiemetarantz	requiemerantz	requiemetarantz
destinative	requiemetarako	requiemerako	requiemetarako
ablative	requiemetatik	requiemetik	requiemetatik
partitive	requiemik	—	—
prolative	requiemtzat	—	—

Further reading

• "requiem" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrɛkvɪjɛm]

Noun

requiem n (indeclinable)

1. Alternative form of rekviem

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁe.kɥi.jɛm/, /ʁe.kwi.jɛm/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio (Switzerland)

  (file)

Noun

requiem m (plural requiems)

1. requiem

Further reading

• “requiem”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Italian

Etymology

From Latin requiem [​aeternam dōnā eīs, Domine​] (“Grant them eternal rest, O Lord”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɛ.kwjem/
• Rhymes: -ɛkwjem
• Hyphenation: rè‧quiem

Noun

requiem m (invariable)

1. requiem

Related terms

• requie
• messa funebre
• messa da requiem
• onoranze funebri

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.kʷi.em/, [ˈrɛkʷiɛ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.kwi.em/, [ˈrɛːkwiem]

Noun

requiem

1. accusative singular of requiēs

Middle English

Etymology

From Latin requiem, the first word of the introit for the traditional requiem mass.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɛkwiɛm/

Noun

requiem (Late Middle English)

1. requiem (mass for commemoration of the dead)
2. (rare) death, eternal peace

Descendants

• English: requiem
• Scots: requiem (obsolete)

References

• “requiem, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Polish

Alternative forms

• rekwiem

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin requiem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɛˈkfi.ɛm/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɛm
• Syllabification: re‧qui‧em

Noun

requiem n (indeclinable)

1. (music) requiem (musical composition composed for such a mass)
2. (Roman Catholicism) requiem (mass to honor and remember a dead person)

Further reading

• requiem in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɛ.ki.ẽj̃/ [ˈhɛ.kɪ.ẽɪ̯̃], (faster pronunciation) /ˈʁɛ.kjẽj̃/ [ˈhɛ.kjẽɪ̯̃]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɛ.ki.ẽj̃/ [ˈhɛ.kɪ.ẽɪ̯̃], (faster pronunciation) /ˈʁɛ.kjẽj̃/ [ˈhɛ.kjẽɪ̯̃]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɛ.ki.ẽj̃/ [ˈχɛ.kɪ.ẽɪ̯̃], (faster pronunciation) /ˈʁɛ.kjẽj̃/ [ˈχɛ.kjẽɪ̯̃]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɛ.kjɐ̃j̃/

• Hyphenation: re‧qui‧em

Noun

requiem m (plural requiens)

1. Alternative spelling of réquiem