tuber

See also: Tuber

English

Sweet potatoes with visible tubers

Etymology

From Latin tūber (“bump, hump, swelling”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: tyo͞o'bə(r), IPA^(key): /tjuːbə(ɹ)/
• Rhymes: -uːbə(r)

Noun

tuber (plural tubers)

1. A fleshy, thickened underground stem of a plant, usually containing stored starch, for example a potato or arrowroot.
2. (horticulture) A thickened rootstock.
3. (anatomy) A rounded, protuberant structure in a human or animal body.

Related terms

• tubercle
• tubercular

Translations

fleshy underground stem

• Albanian: zhardhok (sq) m
• Armenian: կոճղեզ (hy) (kočłez), պալար (hy) (palar)
• Belarusian: бу́льба (be) f (búlʹba), клу́бень m (klúbjenʹ), бу́льбіна f (búlʹbina)
• Bikol Central: duma
• Bulgarian: клу́бен m (klúben)
• Burmese: ဥ (my) (u.)
• Catalan: tubercle (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 塊莖 (zh), 块茎 (zh) (kuàijīng), 塊根 (zh), 块根 (zh) (kuàigēn), 球根 (zh) (qiúgēn)

• Czech: bulva (cs) f, hlíza (cs) f
• Danish: knold
• Dutch: knol (nl)
• Finnish: mukula (fi)
• French: tubercule (fr)
• Georgian: ბოლქვი (bolkvi), გორგლი (gorgli)
• German: Knolle (de) f, Wurzelknolle f
• Hungarian: gumó (hu)
• Ido: tuberkulo (io)
• Indonesian: umbi (id)
• Irish: tiúbar m
• Italian: tubero (it) m

• Japanese: 芋 (ja) (いも, imo)
• Khmer: មើម (km) (məəm)
• Korean: 괴경 (goegyeong)
• Lao: ມັນ (man)
• Malay: ubi, tuber
• Maori: kōpura
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: knoll (no) m

  Nynorsk: knoll m

• Polish: bulwa (pl) f
• Portuguese: tubérculo (pt)
• Russian: клу́бень (ru) m (klúbenʹ)
• Spanish: tubérculo (es)
• Swedish: knöl (sv) c, rotknöl c, stamknöl c (botanical, e.g. potato), pålrot (sv) c (botanical, e.g. carrot), rotfrukt (sv) c (common, edible underground parts)
• Tagalog: busnginsuloy, lamang-lupa
• Thai: มัน (th) (man)
• Ukrainian: бу́льба (uk) f (búlʹba)
• Vietnamese: củ (vi)
• Welsh: cloronen f

horticulture: thickened rootstock

• Finnish: mukula (fi)

anatomy: rounded, protuberant structure in body

• French: protubérance (fr)

Anagrams

• Ubert, brute, buret, rebut

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French

Etymology

From tube +‎ -er

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ty.be/

Verb

tuber

1. to make into a tube shape
2. to put into a tube

Conjugation

Conjugation of tuber (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	tuber
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	tubant /ty.bɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		tubé /ty.be/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	tube /tyb/	tubes /tyb/	tube /tyb/	tubons /ty.bɔ̃/	tubez /ty.be/	tubent /tyb/
	imperfect	tubais /ty.bɛ/	tubais /ty.bɛ/	tubait /ty.bɛ/	tubions /ty.bjɔ̃/	tubiez /ty.bje/	tubaient /ty.bɛ/
	past historic2	tubai /ty.be/	tubas /ty.ba/	tuba /ty.ba/	tubâmes /ty.bam/	tubâtes /ty.bat/	tubèrent /ty.bɛʁ/
	future	tuberai /ty.bʁe/	tuberas /ty.bʁa/	tubera /ty.bʁa/	tuberons /ty.bʁɔ̃/	tuberez /ty.bʁe/	tuberont /ty.bʁɔ̃/
	conditional	tuberais /ty.bʁɛ/	tuberais /ty.bʁɛ/	tuberait /ty.bʁɛ/	tuberions /ty.bə.ʁjɔ̃/	tuberiez /ty.bə.ʁje/	tuberaient /ty.bʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	tube /tyb/	tubes /tyb/	tube /tyb/	tubions /ty.bjɔ̃/	tubiez /ty.bje/	tubent /tyb/
	imperfect2	tubasse /ty.bas/	tubasses /ty.bas/	tubât /ty.ba/	tubassions /ty.ba.sjɔ̃/	tubassiez /ty.ba.sje/	tubassent /ty.bas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	tube /tyb/	—	tubons /ty.bɔ̃/	tubez /ty.be/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is only usable with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “tuber” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• brute, buter, rebut

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Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *tūβos, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtuː.ber/, [ˈt̪uː.bɛr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.ber/, [ˈt̪uː.bɛr]

Noun

tūber n (genitive tūberis); third declension

1. a hump, bump, swelling, protuberance; excrescence
2. the cyclamen or other similar plants with tuberous roots
3. a truffle (any of various edible fungi, of the genus Tuber)

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tūber	tūbera
Genitive	tūberis	tūberum
Dative	tūberī	tūberibus
Accusative	tūber	tūbera
Ablative	tūbere	tūberibus
Vocative	tūber	tūbera

Derived terms

• extūberō
• prōtūberō
• tūberātus
• tūberculum
• tūberōsus

 

Descendants

• → English: tuber
• → Catalan: tòfona
• → Portuguese: túbera
• → Spanish: tubera
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *tūbellum (diminutive)
  • Old Leonese: [Term?]
    • Asturian: todiyu, todiellu, todíu
  • Old Occitan: [Term?]
    • Catalan: turmell
  • Old Spanish: touiello
    • Spanish: tobillo
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *tufera
  • Old Occitan: trufa
    • Catalan: trufa
    • Occitan: trufa
    • → Old French: trufe
      • French: truffe
        • → Greek: τρούφα (troúfa)
        • → Romanian: trufă
      • ⇒ Old French: trufle (variant)
        • → Alemannic German: trüffulu, trifflu (Italian Walser)
        • → Danish: trøffel
        • → Dutch: truffel
        • → English: truffle
        • → Faroese: trøfla
        • → German: Trüffel (see there for further descendants)
        • → Norwegian: trøffel
        • → Polish: trufla
        • → Swedish: tryffel
          • → Finnish: tryffeli
    • → Portuguese: trufa
    • → Spanish: trufa
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: [Term?] (Vulgar equivalent to Classical Latin terrae tūber (“tuber of the earth”))
    • Italian: tartufo (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Italian: tartufolo (diminutive) (see there for further descendants)
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
      • Romansch: tartuffel, hardefel, truffel, tiffel, ardöffel

Etymology 2

See tubus

Alternative forms

• tubur

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.ber/, [ˈt̪ʊ.bɛr]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.ber/, [ˈt̪uː.bɛr]

Noun

tuber m or f (genitive tuberis); third declension

1. (usually feminine) a kind of tree or bush of foreign origin, possibly the azarole (Crataegus azarolus)
2. (usually masculine) the fruit of the above tree

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tuber	tuberēs
Genitive	tuberis	tuberum
Dative	tuberī	tuberibus
Accusative	tuberem	tuberēs
Ablative	tubere	tuberibus
Vocative	tuber	tuberēs

References

• tuber in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• tuber in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tuber in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette