wn

See also: WN, wn', and .wn

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /waːn/ → /waːn/ → /woːn/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 B.C.E.) IPA^(key): /waːn/ (infinitive)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 B.C.E.) IPA^(key): /waːn/ (infinitive)
• (Late Egyptian, c. 800 B.C.E.) IPA^(key): /woːn/ (infinitive)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /wɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: wen

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to open
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.1–1.2:

     wn ẖn n grw wsḫ st nt hr m mdww

     Open is the tent to the quiet one; broad is the place of the one calm in speech.

   • c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 9:

     wn.n n.k ꜥꜣwj m bntjw

     We open the double doors to you as baboons.

Inflection

Conjugation of wn (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: wn, geminated stem: wnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
wn	wnw, wn	wnt	wn, j.wn	wn, j.wn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
wn	ḥr wn	m wn	r wn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	wn.n	wnw, wn	consecutive	wn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	wnt
perfective3	wn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	wn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	wn, j.wn1	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	wn	wnn	potentialis1	wn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	wn, j.wn1	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	wn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	wn	active + .tj1, .tw2	wn	wnn, wnnj6, wn2, wnw2 5, wny2 5
imperfective	j.wn1, wn, wny, wnw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	j.wn1, j.wnw1 5, wn, wnj6, wny6	wn, wnw5
prospective	wn, wntj7	—	wntj4, wnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wn  

wn

Derived terms

• swn

Synonyms

• wbꜣ
• wpj
• swn
• zn
• kfꜣ

Descendants

• Demotic: wn
  • Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱⲛ (ouōn)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /wɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: wen

Noun

 m

1. fault, blame

Inflection

Declension of wn (masculine)

singular	wn
dual	wnwj
plural	wnw

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed Old Egyptian) IPA^(key): /wan/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /wɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: wen

Noun

 m

1. desert hare

Etymology 4

Pronoun

 pl 1. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

1. Late Egyptian variant of n (“we”)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 295, 298 page 169, 295, 298.
• Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 77

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Spanish

Adjective

wn (feminine wna, masculine plural wnes, feminine plural wnas) (abbreviation)

1. (Chile, informal, Internet slang, text messaging) Contraction of huevón.

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Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊn/

Verb

wn

1. Soft mutation of gwn.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gwn	wn	ngwn	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.