बृहस्पति

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit बृहस्पति (bṛhaspati).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /bɾɪ.ɦəs.pə.t̪iː/, [bɾɪ.ɦɐs.pɐ.t̪iː]

Proper noun

बृहस्पति • (bŕhaspati) m (Urdu spelling بِرْہَسْپَتِی)

1. (Vedic religion, Hinduism) Bṛhaspati
2. Jupiter

   बृहस्पति सौरमंडल का सबसे बड़ा ग्रह है।

   bŕhaspati saurmaṇḍal kā sabse baṛā grah hai.

   Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.

Declension

Declension of बृहस्पति (sg-only masc i-stem)

	singular
direct	बृहस्पति bŕhaspati
oblique	बृहस्पति bŕhaspati
vocative	बृहस्पति bŕhaspati

See also

Solar System in Hindi · सूर्य-मंडल (sūrya-maṇḍal) (layout · text)
Star	सूर्य (sūrya), सूरज (sūraj)
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	बुध (budh)	शुक्र (śukra)	भूमि (bhūmi), पृथ्वी (pŕthvī)	मंगल (maṅgal)		बृहस्पति (bŕhaspati)	शनि (śani)	अरुण (aruṇ)	वरुण (varuṇ), अंधा तारा (andhā tārā)	यम (yam)
Notable moons	—	—	चाँद (cā̃d), चंद्र (candra)		—

Further reading

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “बृहस्पति”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 3543
• Platts, John T. (1884) “बृहस्पति”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 150
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “बृहस्पति”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 530

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• বৃহস্পতি (Assamese script)
• ᬩᬺᬳᬲ᭄ᬧᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• বৃহস্পতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰤𑰴𑰮𑰭𑰿𑰢𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀩𑀾𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀧𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဗၖဟသ္ပတိ (Burmese script)
• બૃહસ્પતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਬ੍ਰਹਸ੍ਪਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌬𑍃𑌹𑌸𑍍𑌪𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦧꦽꦲꦱ꧀ꦥꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂥𑃂𑂯𑂮𑂹𑂣𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಬೃಹಸ್ಪತಿ (Kannada script)
• ព្ឫហស្បតិ (Khmer script)
• ພ຺ຣິຫສ຺ປຕິ (Lao script)
• ബൃഹസ്പതി (Malayalam script)
• ᠪᡵᡳᡥᠠᠰ᠌ᢒᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘤𑘵𑘮𑘭𑘿𑘢𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠷᠢᠾᠠᠰᢒᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧄𑧖𑧎𑧍𑧠𑧂𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐧𑐺𑐴𑐳𑑂𑐥𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ବୃହସ୍ପତି (Odia script)
• ꢨꢺꢲꢱ꣄ꢦꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆧𑆸𑆲𑆱𑇀𑆥𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖤𑖴𑖮𑖭𑖿𑖢𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• බෘහස‍්පති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩲𑩙𑪂𑪁 𑪙𑩰𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚠𑚩𑚨𑚶𑚞𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• ப்³ரிஹஸ்பதி (Tamil script)
• బృహస్పతి (Telugu script)
• พฺฤหสฺปติ (Thai script)
• བྲྀ་ཧ་སྤ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒥𑒵𑒯𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨠𑨼𑨉𑨱𑨰𑩇𑨞𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Compound of बृहस् (bṛhas, genitive singular of बृह् (bṛh, “prayer; devotion”)) +‎ पति (páti, “lord, master”). The origin of the first element is uncertain, but it probably stems from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰŕ̥źʰ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰŕ̥ȷ́ʰ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise, elevate”), with original meaning "to increase, enlarge, grow"; similar to ब्रह्मन् (brahman), it went through a semantic shift from "to increase" > "to encompass" > "the encompassing one" > "the divine" > "praying, devotion (to the divine)".

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /bŕ̩.ɦɐs̪pɐ́.t̪i/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /br̩ˈɦɐs̪.pɐ.t̪i/

Proper noun

बृहस्पति • (bṛ́haspáti) stem, m

1. (Vedic religion, Hinduism) Bṛhaspati (name of a deity)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.5.11:

     विश्वे॑ देवाः॒ स्वाहा॑कृतिं॒ पव॑मान॒स्या ग॑त।
     वा॒युर्बृह॒स्पतिः॒ सूर्यो॒ऽग्निरिन्द्रः॑ स॒जोष॑सः॥

     víśve devāḥ svā́hākṛtiṃ pávamānasyā́ gata.
     vāyúrbṛ́haspátiḥ sū́ryoʼgníríndraḥ sajóṣasaḥ.

     O all ye gods, come together to the consecration of the Soma-- Vāyu, Bṛhaspati, Sūrya, Agni and Indra.

   • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.1.35:

     तत्पुत्रावपरावास्तां ख्यातौ स्वारोचिषेऽन्तरे । उतथ्यो भगवान्साक्षाद् ब्रह्मिष्ठश्च बृहस्पतिः ॥

     tatputrāvaparāvāstāṃ khyātau svārociṣeʼntare. utathyo bhagavānsākṣād brahmiṣṭhaśca bṛhaspatiḥ.

     Besides these four daughters, she also had another two sons who were famous in the second Manvantara. One of them was divine Utathya, and the other was the learned Bṛhaspati.

2. Jupiter (planet)

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of बृहस्पति (bṛ́haspáti)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	बृहस्पतिः bṛ́haspátiḥ	बृहस्पती bṛ́haspátī	बृहस्पतयः bṛ́haspátayaḥ
Vocative	बृहस्पते bṛ́haspate	बृहस्पती bṛ́haspatī	बृहस्पतयः bṛ́haspatayaḥ
Accusative	बृहस्पतिम् bṛ́haspátim	बृहस्पती bṛ́haspátī	बृहस्पतीन् bṛ́haspátīn
Instrumental	बृहस्पतिना / बृहस्पत्या¹ bṛ́haspátinā / bṛ́haspátyā¹	बृहस्पतिभ्याम् bṛ́haspátibhyām	बृहस्पतिभिः bṛ́haspátibhiḥ
Dative	बृहस्पतये bṛ́haspátaye	बृहस्पतिभ्याम् bṛ́haspátibhyām	बृहस्पतिभ्यः bṛ́haspátibhyaḥ
Ablative	बृहस्पतेः / बृहस्पत्यः¹ bṛ́haspáteḥ / bṛ́haspátyaḥ¹	बृहस्पतिभ्याम् bṛ́haspátibhyām	बृहस्पतिभ्यः bṛ́haspátibhyaḥ
Genitive	बृहस्पतेः / बृहस्पत्यः¹ bṛ́haspáteḥ / bṛ́haspátyaḥ¹	बृहस्पत्योः bṛ́haspátyoḥ	बृहस्पतीनाम् bṛ́haspátīnām
Locative	बृहस्पतौ / बृहस्पता¹ bṛ́haspátau / bṛ́haspátā¹	बृहस्पत्योः bṛ́haspátyoḥ	बृहस्पतिषु bṛ́haspátiṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• बृहस्पतिवार (bṛhaspativāra, “Thursday”)

Descendants

• → Malayalam: ബൃഹസ്പതി (br̥haspati)
• → Tamil: பிரகஸ்பதி (pirakaspati)
• → Telugu: బృహస్పతి (br̥haspati)

See also

Solar System in Sanskrit · सूर्य-मण्डल (sūrya-maṇḍala) (layout · text)
Star	सूर्य (sūrya), रवि (ravi), आदित्य (āditya), Thesaurus:सूर्य
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	बुध (budha)	शुक्र (śukra), भार्गव (bhārgava), भृगु (bhṛgu)	भूमि (bhūmi), पृथ्वी (pṛthvī), Thesaurus:भू	मङ्गल (maṅgala), अङ्गार (aṅgāra), Thesaurus:मङ्गल		बृहस्पति (bṛhaspati), गौर (gaura)	शनि (śani)	अरुण (aruṇa)	वरुण (varuṇa)	यम (yama)
Notable moons	—	—	चन्द्र (candra), इन्दु (indu), Thesaurus:चन्द्र	प्रथम मङ्गलस्य द्वितीय मङ्गलस्य	—

See also

• Thesaurus:बृहस्पति

Further reading

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “बृहस्पतिः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1172
• Monier Williams (1899) “Bṛíhas-páti”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 737/1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “बृहस्पति”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 198
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “bṛhaspati”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• “बृ॑हस्प॑ति” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 366.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 232-233
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 447-448