苦瓜
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Chinese
[edit]bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful |
melon; claw; gourd melon; claw; gourd; squash | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (苦瓜) | 苦 | 瓜 | |
simp. #(苦瓜) | 苦 | 瓜 |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/YosriPeriaKatak.jpg/220px-YosriPeriaKatak.jpg)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ku3 gua1
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fu2 gwaa1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): fu2 ga1-4
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'ku3 gua1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ku2 gua1
- Northern Min (KCR): kǔ-guá
- Eastern Min (BUC): kū-guă
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5khu-ko
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ku3 gua1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kǔgua
- Wade–Giles: kʻu3-kua1
- Yale: kǔ-gwā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuugua
- Palladius: кугуа (kugua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ku3 gua1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kugua
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu⁵³ kua⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fu2 gwaa1
- Yale: fú gwā
- Cantonese Pinyin: fu2 gwaa1
- Guangdong Romanization: fu2 gua1
- Sinological IPA (key): /fuː³⁵ kʷaː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fu2 ga1-4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵⁵ ka³³⁻²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'ku3 gua1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈkʰu²¹³⁻¹³ kua⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú-kôa
- Hakka Romanization System: fuˋ guaˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fu3 gua1
- Sinological IPA: /fu³¹ ku̯a²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ku2 gua1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kʰu⁵³ kua¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kǔ-guá
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu²¹ kua⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kū-guă
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu³³⁻²¹ (k-)ua⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ku3 gua1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu⁴¹ ku̯a̠³³/
- (Changsha)
Noun
[edit]苦瓜
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 苦瓜 (“bitter melon”) [map]
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → English: bitter melon, bittermelon (calque), bitter gourd (calque), foo qua
- → Paiwan: kawkuy
- → Vietnamese: mướp đắng (calque)
Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #5483”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
苦 | 瓜 |
にが Grade: 3 |
うり Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]苦 (niga, “bitter”) + 瓜 (uri, “gourd”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) にがうり [nìgáꜜùrì] (Nakadaka – [2])
- (Tokyo) にがうり [nìgáúrí] (Heiban – [0])
- (Tokyo) にがうり [nìgáúꜜrì] (Nakadaka – [3])
- IPA(key): [ɲ̟iɡa̠ɯ̟ɾʲi]
Noun
[edit]苦瓜 or 苦瓜 • (nigauri)
(alternative reading hiragana にがごい, rōmaji nigagoi) (Kagoshima dialect)
(alternative reading hiragana にがごり, rōmaji nigagori) (Miyazaki dialect)
Synonyms
[edit]- 蔓茘枝 (tsurureishi)
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
苦 | 瓜 |
Grade: 3 | Jinmeiyō |
Noun
[edit]苦瓜 (gōyā)
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
苦 | 瓜 |
Noun
[edit]苦瓜
- chữ Hán form of khổ qua (“bitter melon; bitter gourd”).
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 苦
- Chinese terms spelled with 瓜
- zh:Gourd family plants
- zh:Vegetables
- Japanese terms spelled with 苦 read as にが
- Japanese terms spelled with 瓜 read as うり
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese words with multiple readings
- ja:Gourd family plants
- ja:Vegetables
- Okinawan terms spelled with 苦
- Okinawan terms spelled with 瓜
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan terms with multiple readings
- Okinawan terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Okinawan terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Okinawan terms with 2 kanji
- ryu:Gourd family plants
- ryu:Vegetables
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán