鰹
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[edit] Translingual
[edit] Etymology
Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 魚 + phonetic 堅.
In Japanese sense of "skipjack tuna", believed to be a contraction of 堅魚 (*/kata-uwo/, "hard fish"), as discussed below.
The use of this character to transcribe the Japanese word /katuwo/ > /katuo/ (katsuo, i.e. Katsuwonus pelamis) derives from the ancient Japanese orthographic practice of writing the name of this fish with the Chinese characters 堅魚 (literally, "hard fish"). The first character, 堅, represents the Japanese morpheme /kata/ (かたい, hard). The second character, 魚, represents the Japanese morpheme /uwo/ ~ /iwo/ > /uo/ (うお, fish). It is obvious from this method of transcription that the ancient Japanese believed that the name of this fish, /katuwo/, derived from a compound of the morphemes /kata/ + /uwo/. This may have been a mere folk etymology, but many modern etymologists still believe that the Japanese name for this fish probably derives from */kata-uwo/.
[edit] Han character
鰹 (radical 195 魚+11, 22 strokes, cangjie input 弓火尸水土 (NFSEG), four-corner 27314)
- a skipjack tuna, a bonito, Katsuwonus pelamis (Japanese)
- a great eel (Classical Chinese)
- a kind of shark
[edit] References
- KangXi: page 1477, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46437
- Dae Jaweon: page 2008, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4709, character 14
- Unihan data for U+9C39
[edit] Cantonese
[edit] Hanzi
鰹 (simplified 鲣, Yale gin1)
[edit] Japanese
[edit] Noun
鰹 (hiragana かつお, romaji katsuo)
- (fish) a skipjack tuna, a bonito, Katsuwonus pelamis
[edit] Kanji
鰹
[edit] Readings
[edit] Korean
[edit] Hanja
鰹 (hangeul 견, revised gyeon, McCune-Reischauer kyŏn, Yale kyen)
[edit] Mandarin
[edit] Hanzi
鰹 (simplified 鲣, pinyin jiān (jian1), Wade-Giles chien1)
[edit] Vietnamese
[edit] Han character
鰹 (kiên)
