十八

Chinese

		ten	eight
trad. (十八)		十	八
simp. #(十八)		十	八
anagram		八十

Chinese cardinal numbers

<  17	18	19  >
Cardinal : 十八 (shíbā)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shíbā

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si² ba²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыба (šɨba, I-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sap⁶ baat³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sip⁵ bat¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): siit⁷ bat⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p-pat

  (Meixian, Guangdong): seb⁶ bad⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): seh⁵ bah⁴
• Northern Min (KCR): sí-băi
• Eastern Min (BUC): sĕk-báik
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p-peh / cha̍p-poeh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zab⁸ boih⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁸zeq-paq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr⁶ ba⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shíbā
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shíhba
    • Wade–Giles: shih²-pa¹
    • Yale: shŕ-bā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrba
    • Palladius: шиба (šiba)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ pä⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: si² ba²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sba
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹ pa²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыба (šɨba, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ pa²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sap⁶ baat³
    • Yale: sahp baat
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sap⁹ baat⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: seb⁶ bad³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐp̚² paːt̚³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: sip⁵ bat¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sip̚³² pat̚³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: siit⁷ bat⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɨt̚² pat̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-pat
    • Hakka Romanization System: siib bad`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶ bad⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ pat̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: seb⁶ bad⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /səp̚⁵ pat̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: seh⁵ bah⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /səʔ⁵⁴ paʔ²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí-băi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁴ pai²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕk-báik
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ paiʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-peh
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-peh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabpeq
    • IPA (Yilan): /t͡sap̚⁵⁻² peʔ²/
    • IPA (Tainan): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻¹ peʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² peʔ³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ peʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-poeh
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-pueh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabpoeq
    • IPA (Lukang): /t͡sap̚³⁵⁻² pueʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² pueʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sap̚⁵⁴⁻³² pueʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² pueʔ⁵/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zab⁸ boih⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p poih
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² poiʔ²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁸zeq-paq
    • MiniDict: zeh^入 pah
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zeq-paq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹¹ paʔ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: shr⁶ ba⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ pa̠²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sz̩²⁴ pa̠²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyip peat

Rime
Character	十	八
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	侵 (141)	山 (75)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	是執切	博拔切
Baxter	dzyip	peat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/	/pˠɛt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑip̚/	/pᵚæt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjep̚/	/pæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑip̚/	/pəɨt̚/
Li Rong	/ʑiəp̚/	/pɛt̚/
Wang Li	/ʑĭĕp̚/	/pæt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯əp̚/	/pat̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shí	ba
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sap6	baat3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[ɡ]əp  pˤret/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjub  preːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	十	八
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shí	bā
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyip ›	‹ pɛt ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[ɡ]əp/	/*pˁret/
English	ten	eight
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	十	八
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11452	89
Phonetic component	十	八
Rime group	緝	月
Rime subdivision	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	十	八
Old Chinese	/*ɡjub/	/*preːd/

Numeral

十八

1. eighteen; 18

   芳齡十八／芳龄十八  ―  fānglíng shíbā  ―  (of a girl) to be eighteen years of age

   一個人到了十八歲才算得上一個站立著人。 [MSC, trad.]
   一个人到了十八岁才算得上一个站立着人。 [MSC, simp.]

   Yī ge rén dào le shíbā suì cái suàndeshàng yī ge zhànlì zhe rén. [Pinyin]

   A man at the age of eighteen may be considered a standing person.

Derived terms

• 九曲十八彎／九曲十八弯 (jiǔ qū shíbā wān)
• 九腔十八調／九腔十八调
• 十七十八無醜女／十七十八无丑女
• 十八仔
• 十八廿二
• 十八烷 (shíbāwán)
• 十八禁 (shíbājìn)
• 十八般武藝／十八般武艺 (shíbā bān wǔyì)
• 十八骰仔
• 女大十八變／女大十八变
• 救十八
• 肏你祖宗十八代 (cào nǐ zǔzōng shíbā dài)
• 胡笳十八拍 (hújiā shíbā pāi)
• 膏十八仔

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (十八):

• → Japanese: 十八(じゅうはち) (jūhachi)
• → Korean: 십팔(十八) (sip'pal)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
十	八
じゅう Grade: 1	はち Grade: 1
on’yomi

Japanese cardinal numbers

<  17	18	19  >
Cardinal : 十八

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝːha̠t͡ɕi]

Numeral

十(じゅう)八(はち) • (jūhachi) 

1. eighteen; 18

Coordinate terms

Japanese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Regular	零(れい) (rei) 零(ゼロ) (zero)	一(いち) (ichi)	二(に) (ni)	三(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon) 四(し) (shi)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana) 七(しち) (shichi)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū) 九(く) (ku)	十(じゅう) (jū)
Formal		壱(いち) (ichi)	弐(に) (ni)	参(さん) (san)							拾(じゅう) (jū)
	90	100	300	600	800	1,000	3,000	8,000	10,000	100,000,000
Regular	九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū)	百(ひゃく) (hyaku) 一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)	三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku)	六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku)	八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku)	千(せん) (sen) 一(いっ)千(せん) (issen)	三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen)	八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen)	一(いち)万(まん) (ichiman)	一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
Formal									一(いち)萬(まん) (ichiman)
	1012	8×1012	1013	1016	6×1016	8×1016	1017	1018
	一(いっ)兆(ちょう) (itchō)	八(はっ)兆(ちょう) (hatchō)	十(じゅっ)兆(ちょう) (jutchō)	一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei)	六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei)	八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei)	十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei)	百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

Korean

Hanja in this term
十	八

Numeral

十八 • (sip'pal) (hangeul 십팔)

1. Hanja form^? of 십팔 (“eighteen”).