шить

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See also: щитъ

Moksha

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ʃitʲ/

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Etymology 1

From ши (ši) +‎ -ть (-ť, definite genitive suffix).

Noun

шить • (šiť)

  1. definite singular genitive of ши (ši)

Etymology 2

From ши (ši) +‎ -ть (-ť, adverbial suffix). Serebrennikov calls this suffix "one of the temporalis adverbial suffixes," it has been suggested that it derives from the Uralic ablative, same as Moksha -да (-da), see the latter for more. Alternatively it is to be linked with the Uralic locative *-t. This suffix is not productive, it is found only in a handful of fossilized adverbs.[1] It is etymologically unrelated to the homophonous definite genitive suffix, which is most likely of pronominal origin, cognate with тя (ťa, “this”).[2]

Adverb

шить • (šiť)

  1. by day, during the day
    • O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN, page 49
      Мон тонафнян илять, а шить покодян
      Mon tonafńan iľať, a šiť pokoďan
      I study at night, during the day I work

References

  1. ^ Serebrennikov, B. A. (1967) Istoričeskaja morfologija mordovskix jazykov [Historical morphology of the Mordvinic languages] (in Russian), Moskva, page 33
  2. ^ Serebrennikov, B. A. (1967) Istoričeskaja morfologija mordovskix jazykov [Historical morphology of the Mordvinic languages] (in Russian), Moskva, page 46

Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *šiti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sjūtei, from Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁-. Cognate to Lithuanian siūti, English sew, Latin suō.

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • IPA(key): [ʂɨtʲ]

Verb

шить • (šitʹ) impf (perfective сшить)

  1. (transitive) to sew
    шить на маши́нке ― šitʹ na mašínke ― to sew on a machine
  2. (intransitive, only imperfective) to be occupied with sewing, to tailor
    Чем она́ занима́ется? Она шьёт. ― Čem oná zanimájetsja? Ona šʹjot. ― What is she? She’s a dressmaker.
  3. (colloquial) to order (e.g., a dress)
    хочу́ сшить себе́ костю́м у Левинсона ― xočú sšitʹ sebé kostjúm u Levinsona ― I want to order a suit from Levinson’s
  4. (only imperfective) to embroider
    шить зо́лотом ― šitʹ zólotom ― embroider in gold
    шито бе́лыми ни́тками (saying) ― šito bélymi nítkami ― blatantly obvious, transparent to anyone (literally, “embroidered in white thread”)
    шить де́ло (colloquial) ― šitʹ délo ― to cook up charges (literally, “to embroider the case”)
    (он) не лы́ком шит (saying) ― (on) ne lýkom šit ― (he) was not born yesterday (literally, “(he) was not embroidered in bast”)
  5. (figuratively) to nail planking
    шить плот ― šitʹ plot ― to make a raft

Conjugation

Conjugation of ши́ть (class 11b imperfective transitive)
Note: For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.
imperfective aspect
infinitive ши́ть
šítʹ
participles present tense past tense
active шью́щий
šʹjúščij		 ши́вший
šívšij
passive — ши́тый
šítyj
adverbial — ши́в
šív,
ши́вши
šívši
present tense future tense
1st singular (я) шью́
šʹjú		 бу́ду ши́ть
búdu šítʹ
2nd singular (ты) шьёшь
šʹjóšʹ		 бу́дешь ши́ть
búdešʹ šítʹ
3rd singular (он/она́/оно́) шьёт
šʹjót		 бу́дет ши́ть
búdet šítʹ
1st plural (мы) шьём
šʹjóm		 бу́дем ши́ть
búdem šítʹ
2nd plural (вы) шьёте
šʹjóte		 бу́дете ши́ть
búdete šítʹ
3rd plural (они́) шью́т
šʹjút		 бу́дут ши́ть
búdut šítʹ
imperative singular plural
ше́й
šéj		 ше́йте
šéjte
past tense singular plural
(мы/вы/они́)
masculine (я/ты/он) ши́л
šíl		 ши́ли
šíli
feminine (я/ты/она́) ши́ла
šíla
neuter (оно́) ши́ло
šílo

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

imperfective

Template:mid2 perfective

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Related terms

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