تیز

Khalaj

Noun

تیز (tîz, tîiz) (definite accusative تیزی, plural تیزلَر)

1. Arabic spelling of tîz, tîiz (“knee”)

Declension

Declension of تیز

	singular	plural
nominative	تیز	تیزلَر
genitive	تیزۆݧ	تیزلَریݧ
dative	تیزکه	تیزلَرکه
definite accusative	تیزۆ	تیزلَری
locative	تیزچه	تیزلَرچه
ablative	تیزده	تیزلَرده
instrumental	تیزله	تیزلَرله
equative	تیزوارا	تیزلَروارا

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Persian تیز.

Adjective

تیز • (tiz)

1. sharp, impetuous, sour

   Synonym: كسكین (keskin)

   تیز میزاج ― tiz mizaç ― wrath, hot-tempered

   تیز سس ― tiz ses ― high-pitched voice

   تیز آب ― tizab, kezzap ― acid

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *teŕ- (“to run away; swift”), with semantic contamination of the Persian borrowing تیز (tiz).

Adjective

تیز • (tez)

1. quick

Derived terms

• تیز اولمق (tez olmak)
• تیزلك (tezlik)
• تیزلنمك (tezlenmek)

References

• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “تیز”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 172

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (tyc /⁠tēz⁠/, “sharp”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg-. Cognate with Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫎𐫏𐫋 (tēǰ, “sharp”), Northern Kurdish tîj, tûj (“sharp; hot, spicy”), Central Kurdish تیژ (tîj), تێژ (têj, “sharp, hot (peppery)”). Note Armenian թեժ (tʻež), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [teːz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰeːz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰeːz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰeːz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰeːz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰiːz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰez]

Readings
Classical reading?	tēz
Dari reading?	tēz
Iranian reading?	tiz
Tajik reading?	tez

Adjective

Dari	تیز
Iranian Persian
Tajik	тез

تیز • (tiz) (comparative تیزتَر (tiz-tar), superlative تیزتَرین (tiz-tarin))

1. sharp
2. pungent
3. shrill
4. piercing
5. penetrating
6. swift, nimble
7. smart, nimble, quick to learn

Derived terms

• تیزی (tizi)

Descendants

• → Hindi: तेज़ (tez)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਤੇਜ਼ (tez), ਤੇਜ (tej)

  Shahmukhi script: تیز (tez)

• → Turkish: tiz

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (tyc /⁠tēz⁠/, “quick”), perhaps via Proto-Turkic *teŕ-.

Adverb

تیز • (tiz)

1. swiftly
2. quickly

Descendants

• → Kazakh: тез (tez)
• → Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (tez)
  • Azerbaijani: tez
  • Ottoman Turkish: تیز (tez)
    • Turkish: tez
    • → Middle Armenian: թէզ (tʻēz)
      • Armenian: թեզ (tʻez)
• → Turkmen: tīz
• → Uyghur: تېز (tëz)
• → Punjabi: ਤੇਜ਼ (tez) / تیز (tez)
• → Sindhi: تیزُ (tezu)
• → Urdu: تیز (tez)

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tez”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “tēz”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 83

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تیز (tēz).

Adjective

تیز • (tez) (Gurmukhi spelling ਤੇਜ਼)

1. sharp
2. (depending on context) fast, rapid, clever, hot, fiery

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تیز (tēz).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪eːz/
• Rhymes: -eːz

Adjective

تیز • (tez) (Hindi spelling तेज़)

1. (chiefly) fast, quick

   یہ قطار تیز ہے۔ ― ye qitār tez hai. ― This queue is fast.

   Synonyms: جلد (jald), سریع (sarī)

2. sharp

   تیز چھری ― tez churī ― sharp knife

3. cunning, smart, clever

   یہ لڑکی بہت تیز ہے۔ ― ye laṛkī bohat tez hai ― This girl is too clever

   Synonym: ہوشیار (hośiyār), Synonym: زرنگ (zarang)

4. strong (effectively)
5. spicy, hot
6. intense

   تیز ہوا ― tez hawā ― intense wind

Related terms

• تیزی (tezī, “quickness”)
• تیزی سے (tezī se, “quickly”)

References

• “تیز”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “تیز”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.