मृत

See also: मत, मूत, मौत, मातृ, मातें, मति, माता, and मिति

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मृत (mṛta). Doublet of मुआ (muā) and मुरदा (murdā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /mɾɪt̪/

Adjective

मृत • (mŕt) (indeclinable)

1. dead, deceased

   Synonyms: मरा (marā), मुर्दा (murdā)

   Antonyms: ज़िंदा (zindā), जीवित (jīvit)

Related terms

• मृतप्राय (mŕtaprāy)
• मृत्यु (mŕtyu)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मृत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मृत (mṛta).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɾu.t̪ə/

Adjective

मृत • (mruta)

1. dead, deceased

   Synonyms: मेलेले (melele), मेलेला (melelā), मेलेली (melelī)

   Antonym: जिवंत (jivanta)

Derived terms

• मृत समुद्र (mruta samudra, “dead sea”)

Related terms

• मृत्यू (mŕtyū, “death”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “मृत”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মৃত (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
• মৃত (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• မၖတ (Burmese script)
• મૃત (Gujarati script)
• ਮ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಮೃತ (Kannada script)
• ម្ឫត (Khmer script)
• ມ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
• മൃത (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
• ମୃତ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
• මෘත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚙 (Takri script)
• ம்ரித (Tamil script)
• మృత (Telugu script)
• มฺฤต (Thai script)
• མྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás (“dead”), from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós (“dead”), from *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (mər^əta), Latin mortuus, Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós), Persian مرده (morde). Equivalent to मृ (mṛ) +‎ -त (-ta).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩.tɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmr̩.t̪ɐ/

Adjective

मृत • (mṛtá) stem

1. dead, deceased
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.18.3:

     इमे जीवा वि मृतैर्आववृत्रन्नभूद्भद्रा देवहूतिर्नो अद्य ।

     ime jīvā vi mṛtairāvavṛtrannabhūdbhadrā devahūtirno adya .

     Divided from the dead are these, the living: now be our calling on the Gods successful.

2. death-like, torpid, rigid
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
3. departed, vanished (as consciousness)
4. vain, useless
5. calcined, reduced (said of metals)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मृत (mṛtá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मृतः mṛtáḥ	मृतौ / मृता¹ mṛtaú / mṛtā́¹	मृताः / मृतासः¹ mṛtā́ḥ / mṛtā́saḥ¹
Vocative	मृत mṛ́ta	मृतौ / मृता¹ mṛ́tau / mṛ́tā¹	मृताः / मृतासः¹ mṛ́tāḥ / mṛ́tāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मृतम् mṛtám	मृतौ / मृता¹ mṛtaú / mṛtā́¹	मृतान् mṛtā́n
Instrumental	मृतेन mṛténa	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृतैः / मृतेभिः¹ mṛtaíḥ / mṛtébhiḥ¹
Dative	मृताय mṛtā́ya	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृतेभ्यः mṛtébhyaḥ
Ablative	मृतात् mṛtā́t	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृतेभ्यः mṛtébhyaḥ
Genitive	मृतस्य mṛtásya	मृतयोः mṛtáyoḥ	मृतानाम् mṛtā́nām
Locative	मृते mṛté	मृतयोः mṛtáyoḥ	मृतेषु mṛtéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मृता (mṛtā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मृता mṛtā́	मृते mṛté	मृताः mṛtā́ḥ
Vocative	मृते mṛ́te	मृते mṛ́te	मृताः mṛ́tāḥ
Accusative	मृताम् mṛtā́m	मृते mṛté	मृताः mṛtā́ḥ
Instrumental	मृतया / मृता¹ mṛtáyā / mṛtā́¹	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृताभिः mṛtā́bhiḥ
Dative	मृतायै mṛtā́yai	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृताभ्यः mṛtā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	मृतायाः / मृतायै² mṛtā́yāḥ / mṛtā́yai²	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृताभ्यः mṛtā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	मृतायाः / मृतायै² mṛtā́yāḥ / mṛtā́yai²	मृतयोः mṛtáyoḥ	मृतानाम् mṛtā́nām
Locative	मृतायाम् mṛtā́yām	मृतयोः mṛtáyoḥ	मृतासु mṛtā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मृत (mṛtá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मृतम् mṛtám	मृते mṛté	मृतानि / मृता¹ mṛtā́ni / mṛtā́¹
Vocative	मृत mṛ́ta	मृते mṛ́te	मृतानि / मृता¹ mṛ́tāni / mṛ́tā¹
Accusative	मृतम् mṛtám	मृते mṛté	मृतानि / मृता¹ mṛtā́ni / mṛtā́¹
Instrumental	मृतेन mṛténa	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृतैः / मृतेभिः¹ mṛtaíḥ / mṛtébhiḥ¹
Dative	मृताय mṛtā́ya	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृतेभ्यः mṛtébhyaḥ
Ablative	मृतात् mṛtā́t	मृताभ्याम् mṛtā́bhyām	मृतेभ्यः mṛtébhyaḥ
Genitive	मृतस्य mṛtásya	मृतयोः mṛtáyoḥ	मृतानाम् mṛtā́nām
Locative	मृते mṛté	मृतयोः mṛtáyoḥ	मृतेषु mṛtéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• अमृत (amṛta)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢 (mata)
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀬 (maya)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀅 (maa)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀤 (mada)
  • • Sindhi: मॾिअल(Past participle/Adjective)
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀢-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*mata-illa)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮 (maïlla)
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀢-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀓𑀸 (*mata-illa-ikā)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀆 (maïlliā)
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀢-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀓 (*mata-illa-ka)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀫𑀅-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀅 (*maa-illa-a)
      • Konkani: मेल्लो (mello)
      • Old Marathi:

        Modi script: 𑘦𑘹𑘩𑘹𑘽 (meleṃ)

        Devanagari script: मेलें (meleṃ)

        • Marathi: मेले (mele)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀝 (maṭa)
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀟 (maḍa)
  • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀟 (maḍa), 𑀫𑀴 (maḷa)
• Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀼𑀢 (*muta)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀅 (mua)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀤 (muda)
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀼𑀢-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀓 (*muta-illa-ka)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀅 (mūillaa)
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀼𑀢-𑀓 (*muta-ka)
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀫𑀼𑀤-𑀕 (*muda-ga)
      • Gujarati: મૂઉં (mūũ)
      • Hindi: मुआ (muā)
      • Kachchi: મુઓ (muo)
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀼𑀢-𑀮 (*muta-la)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀅𑀮 (muala)
      • Sindhi: मुअल(Adjective/Past participle)
• Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀾𑀢 (*mṛta)
  • Gandhari: 𐨨𐨂𐨡 (muda)
  • Niya Prakrit: 𐨨𐨃𐨡 (mṛda)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨨𐨂𐨚 (muṭa)
• Pali: mata
• Romani: mulo
• → Bengali: মৃত (mrito)
• → Gujarati: મૃત (mŕt)
• → Hindi: मृत (mŕt)
• → Kannada: ಮೃತ (mṛta)
• → Khmer: ម្រឹត (mrɨt)
• → Marathi: मृत (mŕt)
• → Tamil: மிருதம் (mirutam)

Noun

मृत • (mṛta) stem, n

1. death
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मृत (mṛta)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मृतम् mṛtam	मृते mṛte	मृतानि / मृता¹ mṛtāni / mṛtā¹
Vocative	मृत mṛta	मृते mṛte	मृतानि / मृता¹ mṛtāni / mṛtā¹
Accusative	मृतम् mṛtam	मृते mṛte	मृतानि / मृता¹ mṛtāni / mṛtā¹
Instrumental	मृतेन mṛtena	मृताभ्याम् mṛtābhyām	मृतैः / मृतेभिः¹ mṛtaiḥ / mṛtebhiḥ¹
Dative	मृताय mṛtāya	मृताभ्याम् mṛtābhyām	मृतेभ्यः mṛtebhyaḥ
Ablative	मृतात् mṛtāt	मृताभ्याम् mṛtābhyām	मृतेभ्यः mṛtebhyaḥ
Genitive	मृतस्य mṛtasya	मृतयोः mṛtayoḥ	मृतानाम् mṛtānām
Locative	मृते mṛte	मृतयोः mṛtayoḥ	मृतेषु mṛteṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• मरति (márati)
• मृत्यु (mṛtyú)
• मर्त्य (mártya)
• मर्त (márta)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0827.