मृत

See also: मत, मात, माता, मूत, मौत, मातृ, मातें, मति, माता, and मिति

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás

Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá)lbor.

Hindi मृत

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá). Doublet of मुआ (muā) and मुरदा (murdā).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /mɾɪt̪/

Adjective

मृत • (mŕt) (indeclinable)

1. dead, deceased

   Synonyms: दिवंगत (divaṅgat), मरा (marā), मुर्दा (murdā)

   Antonyms: ज़िंदा (zindā), जीवित (jīvit)

Related terms

• मृतप्राय (mŕtaprāy)
• मृत्यु (mŕtyu)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “मृत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás

Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá)lbor.

Marathi मृत

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मृ॒त (mṛtá).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɾu.t̪ə/

Adjective

मृत • (mŕta)

1. dead, deceased

   Synonyms: मयत (mayat), मेलेले (melele), स्वर्गीय (svargīy), स्वर्गवासी (svargavāsī)

   Antonym: जिवंत (jivanta)

Derived terms

• मृत समुद्र (mŕta samudra, “dead sea”)

Related terms

• मृत्यू (mrutyū, “death”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “मृत”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মৃত (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
• মৃত (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• မၖတ (Burmese script)
• મૃત (Gujarati script)
• ਮ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಮೃತ (Kannada script)
• ម្ឫត (Khmer script)
• ມ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
• മൃത (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
• ମୃତ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
• මෘත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚙 (Takri script)
• ம்ரித (Tamil script)
• మృత (Telugu script)
• มฺฤต (Thai script)
• མྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás

Sanskrit मृ॒त

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós, from *mer- + *-tós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (mər^əta), Latin mortuus, Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós), Classical Persian مرده (murde). By surface analysis, from the root मृ (mṛ) +‎ -त (-ta).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩.tɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mr̩.t̪ɐ/

Adjective

मृ॒त • (mṛtá) stem (root मृ)

1. dead; deceased
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.18.3:

     इ॒मे जी॒वा वि मृ॒तैर्आव॑वृत्र॒न्नभू॑द्भ॒द्रा दे॒वहू॑तिर्नो अ॒द्य।
     प्राञ्चो॑ अगाम नृ॒तये॒ हसा॑य॒ द्राघी॑य॒ आयुः॑ प्रत॒रं दधा॑नाः॥

     imé jīvā́ ví mṛtáirā́vavṛtrannábhūdbhadrā́ deváhūtirno adyá.
     prā́ñco agāma nṛtáye hásāya drā́ghīya ā́yuḥ prataráṃ dádhānāḥ.

     Divided from the dead are these, the living: now be our calling on the Gods successful.
     We have gone forth for dancing and for laughter; to further times prolonging our existence.

2. death-like; torpid; rigid
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
3. departed; vanished (as consciousness)
4. vain; useless
5. (of metal) calcined; reduced

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मृ॒त

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृ॒तः (mṛtáḥ)	मृ॒तौ (mṛtáu) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)	मृ॒ताः (mṛtā́ḥ) मृ॒तासः॑¹ (mṛtā́saḥ¹)
accusative	मृ॒तम् (mṛtám)	मृ॒तौ (mṛtáu) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)	मृ॒तान् (mṛtā́n)
instrumental	मृ॒तेन॑ (mṛténa)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तैः (mṛtáiḥ) मृ॒तेभिः॑¹ (mṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	मृ॒ताय॑ (mṛtā́ya)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तेभ्यः॑ (mṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	मृ॒तात् (mṛtā́t)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तेभ्यः॑ (mṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	मृ॒तस्य॑ (mṛtásya)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒ताना॑म् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒तेषु॑ (mṛtéṣu)
vocative	मृत॑ (mṛ́ta)	मृतौ॑ (mṛ́tau) मृता॑¹ (mṛ́tā¹)	मृताः॑ (mṛ́tāḥ) मृता॑सः¹ (mṛ́tāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मृ॒ता

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृ॒ता (mṛtā́)	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒ताः (mṛtā́ḥ)
accusative	मृ॒ताम् (mṛtā́m)	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒ताः (mṛtā́ḥ)
instrumental	मृ॒तया॑ (mṛtáyā) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒ताभिः॑ (mṛtā́bhiḥ)
dative	मृ॒तायै॑ (mṛtā́yai)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒ताभ्यः॑ (mṛtā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	मृ॒तायाः॑ (mṛtā́yāḥ) मृ॒तायै॑² (mṛtā́yai²)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒ताभ्यः॑ (mṛtā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	मृ॒तायाः॑ (mṛtā́yāḥ) मृ॒तायै॑² (mṛtā́yai²)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒ताना॑म् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृ॒ताया॑म् (mṛtā́yām)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒तासु॑ (mṛtā́su)
vocative	मृते॑ (mṛ́te)	मृते॑ (mṛ́te)	मृताः॑ (mṛ́tāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मृ॒त

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृ॒तम् (mṛtám)	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तानि॑ (mṛtā́ni) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)
accusative	मृ॒तम् (mṛtám)	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तानि॑ (mṛtā́ni) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)
instrumental	मृ॒तेन॑ (mṛténa)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तैः (mṛtáiḥ) मृ॒तेभिः॑¹ (mṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	मृ॒ताय॑ (mṛtā́ya)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तेभ्यः॑ (mṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	मृ॒तात् (mṛtā́t)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तेभ्यः॑ (mṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	मृ॒तस्य॑ (mṛtásya)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒ताना॑म् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒तेषु॑ (mṛtéṣu)
vocative	मृत॑ (mṛ́ta)	मृते॑ (mṛ́te)	मृता॑नि (mṛ́tāni) मृता॑¹ (mṛ́tā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Related terms

• अ॒मृत॑ (amṛ́ta)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢 (mata)
  • Prakrit: 𑀫𑀅 (maa), 𑀫𑀼𑀅 (mua), 𑀫𑀬 (maya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀫𑀴 (maḷa) — Māgadhī, 𑀫𑀼𑀤 (muda) — Śaurasenī (see there for further descendants)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀝 (maṭa)
  • Prakrit: 𑀫𑀟 (maḍa), 𑀫𑀴 (maḷa) — Māgadhī (see there for further descendants)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨨𐨂𐨚 (muṭa)
• Gandhari: 𐨨𐨂𐨡 (muda)
• Niya Prakrit: 𐨨𐨃𐨡 (mṛda)
• Pali: mata

Borrowed terms

• → Bengali: মৃত (mrito)
• → Gujarati: મૃત (mŕt)
• → Hindi: मृत (mŕt) (learned)
• → Kannada: ಮೃತ (mṛta)
• → Khmer: ម្រឹត (mrɨt)
• → Marathi: मृत (mrut) (learned)
• → Tamil: மிருதம் (mirutam)

Noun

मृ॒त • (mṛtá) stem, n (root मृ)

1. death
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मृ॒त

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृ॒तम् (mṛtám)	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तानि॑ (mṛtā́ni) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)
accusative	मृ॒तम् (mṛtám)	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तानि॑ (mṛtā́ni) मृ॒ता¹ (mṛtā́¹)
instrumental	मृ॒तेन॑ (mṛténa)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तैः (mṛtáiḥ) मृ॒तेभिः॑¹ (mṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	मृ॒ताय॑ (mṛtā́ya)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तेभ्यः॑ (mṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	मृ॒तात् (mṛtā́t)	मृ॒ताभ्या॑म् (mṛtā́bhyām)	मृ॒तेभ्यः॑ (mṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	मृ॒तस्य॑ (mṛtásya)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒ताना॑म् (mṛtā́nām)
locative	मृ॒ते (mṛté)	मृ॒तयोः॑ (mṛtáyoḥ)	मृ॒तेषु॑ (mṛtéṣu)
vocative	मृत॑ (mṛ́ta)	मृते॑ (mṛ́te)	मृता॑नि (mṛ́tāni) मृता॑¹ (mṛ́tā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Related terms

• मर॑ति (márati)
• मर्त॑ (márta)
• मर्त्य॑ (mártya)
• मृ॒त्यु (mṛtyú)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “मृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 827, column 2.