古朝鮮

See also: 古朝鲜

Chinese

		ancient; old	Korea
trad. (古朝鮮)		古	朝鮮
simp. (古朝鲜)		古	朝鲜

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Gǔcháoxiǎn, Gǔcháoxiān, Gǔzhāoxiān

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ, ㄍㄨˇ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢ, ㄍㄨˇ ㄓㄠ ㄒㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu² ciu⁴ sin¹ / gu² ziu¹ sin¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Kú-chêu-siên
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Kó͘-tiâu-sián

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Gǔcháoxiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Gǔcháosiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: Ku³-chʻao²-hsien³
    • Yale: Gǔ-cháu-syǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Guuchaurshean
    • Palladius: Гучаосянь (Gučaosjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Gǔcháoxiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Gǔcháosian
    • Wade–Giles: Ku³-chʻao²-hsien¹
    • Yale: Gǔ-cháu-syān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Guuchaurshian
    • Palladius: Гучаосянь (Gučaosjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, etymologically correct variant, obsolete and literary)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Gǔzhāoxiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄓㄠ ㄒㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Gǔjhaosian
    • Wade–Giles: Ku³-chao¹-hsien¹
    • Yale: Gǔ-jāu-syān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Guujaushian
    • Palladius: Гучжаосянь (Gučžaosjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu² ciu⁴ sin¹ / gu² ziu¹ sin¹
    • Yale: gú chìuh sīn / gú jīu sīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu² tsiu⁴ sin¹ / gu² dziu¹ sin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu² qiu⁴ xin¹ / gu² jiu¹ xin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ siːn⁵⁵/, /kuː³⁵ t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ siːn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kú-chêu-siên
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu` zeu´ xien´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu³ zeu¹ xian¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ku³¹ t͡seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ si̯en²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kó͘-tiâu-sián
    • Tâi-lô: Kóo-tiâu-sián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofdiausiern
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻²² siɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiau²⁴⁻²² siɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau¹³⁻²² siɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ siɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ siɛn⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kuX trjew sjen

Rime
Character	古	朝	鮮
Reading #	1/1	1/2	1/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	知 (9)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	宵 (92)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	公戸切	陟遙切	相然切
Baxter	kuX	trjew	sjen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuoX/	/ʈˠiᴇu/	/siᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/kuoX/	/ʈᵚiɛu/	/siɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/koX/	/ȶiæu/	/sjæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɔX/	/ʈiaw/	/sian/
Li Rong	/koX/	/ȶjɛu/	/siɛn/
Wang Li	/kuX/	/ȶĭɛu/	/sĭɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuoX/	/ȶi̯ɛu/	/si̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǔ	zhāo	xiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gu2	ziu1	sin1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤaʔ  t<r>aw  [s][a]r/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaːʔ  r'ew  sen/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	古	朝	鮮
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǔ	zhāo	xiān
Middle Chinese	‹ kuX ›	‹ trjew ›	‹ sjen ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁaʔ/	/*t<r>aw/	/*[s][a]r/
English	ancient	morning	fresh; good
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	古	朝	鮮
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/3
No.	4219	1309	13490
Phonetic component	古	朝	鮮
Rime group	魚	宵	元
Rime subdivision	0	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	古	𪓙	仙
Old Chinese	/*kaːʔ/	/*r'ew/	/*sen/
Notes			說文羴省聲

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 古朝鮮

1. (historical) Gojoseon (ancient Korean kingdom)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
古	朝	鮮
こ Grade: 2	ちょう Grade: 2	せん Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

From Chinese 古朝鮮／古朝鲜

Proper noun

古(こ)朝(ちょう)鮮(せん) or 古朝鮮(proper) • (kochōsen or proper) [[Category:Japanese
|こちょうせん]]

1. (historical) Gojoseon (ancient Korean kingdom)

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Korean

Hanja in this term
古	朝	鮮

Proper noun

古朝鮮 • (Gojoseon) (hangeul 고조선)

1. hanja form^? of 고조선 (“(historical) Gojoseon (ancient Korean kingdom)”)

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
古	朝	鮮

Proper noun

古朝鮮

1. chữ Hán form of Cổ Triều Tiên (“(historical) Gojoseon (ancient Korean kingdom)”).