喃

See also: 諵 and 娚

喃 U+5583, 喃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5583 ← 喂 [U+5582] CJK Unified Ideographs 善 → [U+5584]

Translingual

Han character

喃 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 口十月十 (RJBJ), four-corner 6402₇, composition ⿰口南)

Derived characters

• 𬞑

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 197, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3903
• Dae Jaweon: page 418, character 37
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 650, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5583

Chinese

simp. and trad.		喃

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (南) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
南	*nuːm
楠	*nuːm
腩	*nuːmʔ
湳	*nuːmʔ
揇	*nuːmʔ
萳	*nuːmʔ
罱	*ruːmʔ
喃	*rnuːm
諵	*rnuːm, *rnuːms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rnuːm): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 南 (OC *nuːm).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nán (nan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): naam⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nán
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nán
    • Wade–Giles: nan²
    • Yale: nán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
    • Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naam⁴
    • Yale: nàahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: nream

Rime
Character	喃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	女咸切
Baxter	nream
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠɛm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚæm/
Shao Rongfen	/nɐm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳəɨm/
Li Rong	/nɐm/
Wang Li	/nɐm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/năm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rnuːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	喃
Reading #	1/1
No.	9362
Phonetic component	南
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	諵
Old Chinese	/*rnuːm/
Notes	同諵

Definitions

喃

1. (onomatopoeia) used in 喃喃 (nánnán)
2. (onomatopoeia) used in 呢喃 (nínán)

Compounds

• 呢喃 (nínán)
• 呢喃細語 / 呢喃细语
• 喃喃 (nánnán)
• 喃喃低語 / 喃喃低语
• 喃喃吶吶 / 喃喃呐呐
• 喃喃咄咄
• 喃喃喏喏
• 喃喃篤篤 / 喃喃笃笃
• 喃喃細語 / 喃喃细语
• 喃喃自語 / 喃喃自语 (nánnánzìyǔ)
• 喃喃訥訥 / 喃喃讷讷
• 噥噥喃喃 / 哝哝喃喃
• 篤篤喃喃 / 笃笃喃喃
• 肚喃

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nǎn (nan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nǎn
    • Wade–Giles: nan³
    • Yale: nǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: naan
    • Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän²¹⁴/

Definitions

喃

1. only used in 噆喃

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): nán (nan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nán
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nán
    • Wade–Giles: nan²
    • Yale: nán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
    • Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nan¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nan⁵⁵/

Definitions

喃

1. (Southwestern Mandarin) Interrogative particle, equivalent to 呢 (ne) in Standard Chinese.

Etymology 4

From Vietnamese 喃 (Nôm), in turn from Chinese 南 (“south”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nán (nan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): naam⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nán
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nán
    • Wade–Giles: nan²
    • Yale: nán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
    • Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naam⁴
    • Yale: nàahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹/

Definitions

喃

1. (of or relating to) chữ Nôm

Compounds

• 喃字 (nánzì)
• 字喃 (zìnán)

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nán (nan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): naam⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nán
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nán
    • Wade–Giles: nan²
    • Yale: nán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
    • Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naam⁴
    • Yale: nàahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹/

Definitions

喃

1. Used in transcription.

Compounds

• 呋喃 (fūnán)
• 吡喃 (bǐnán)
• 呋喃丙胺
• 呋喃唑酮 (fūnánzuòtóng)
• 呋喃坦啶
• 呋喃妥因 (fūnántuǒyīn)
• 呋喃甲醇
• 呋喃西林
• 四氫呋喃 / 四氢呋喃 (sìqīngfūnán)

Japanese

Kanji

喃

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: なん (nan)^{←なん (nan, historical)←なむ (namu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: だん (dan)
• Kun: のう (nō, 喃)^{←なう (nau, 喃, historical)}

Compounds

• 字喃(チュノム) (chunomu)
• 喋々喃々(ちょうちょうなんなん) (chōchō nannan)
• 喃(なん)語(ご) (nango)
• 喃々(なんなん) (nannan)
• 喃々(のうのう) (nōnō)

References

• “^▲喃”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

喃 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

喃: Hán Việt readings: nam, nâm
喃: Nôm readings: nôm, nêm, nắm

1. chữ Nôm form of nắm (“handful”)
2. chữ Nôm form of nêm (“(Southern Vietnam, Central Vietnam) to season (with salt, fish sauce); to flavor (with)”)
3. chữ Nôm form of nôm (“used in nôm na (“in crude terms; in layman's terms; essentially; basically”)”)
4. chữ Nôm form of Nôm
   1. (of a written record) written in Vietnamese using chữ Nôm
   2. (historical) the common speech; the vernacular (as opposed to Classical Chinese which was used only in official writings)

Compounds

• 字喃, 𡨸喃, 𡦂喃 (chữ Nôm)