如意

Chinese

		as (if); such as	idea; meaning; wish idea; meaning; wish; desire; Italy (abbrev.)
trad. (如意)		如	意
simp. #(如意)		如	意
Literally: “according to [one's] wishes”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rúyì

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ ji³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yì-yi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): jû-ì / lû-ì / jî-ì / lîr-ì

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ru⁵ i³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rúyì
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rúyì
    • Wade–Giles: ju²-i⁴
    • Yale: rú-yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruyih
    • Palladius: жуи (žui)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu³⁵ i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴ ji³
    • Yale: yùh yi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ ji³
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ yi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹ jiː³³/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì-yi
    • Hakka Romanization System: iˇ i
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi² yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i¹¹ i⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì-yi
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ (r)i
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi² yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹ (j)i⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû-ì
    • Tâi-lô: jû-ì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ju'ix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu²³⁻³³ i²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû-ì
    • Tâi-lô: lû-ì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lu'ix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lu²⁴⁻²² i⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lu²⁴⁻²² i²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lu²⁴⁻¹¹ i¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî-ì
    • Tâi-lô: jî-ì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ji'ix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zi²³⁻³³ i²¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi¹³⁻²² i²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîr-ì
    • Tâi-lô: lîr-ì
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɯ²⁴⁻²² i⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ru⁵ i³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jû ì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ i²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: nyo|nyoH 'iH

Rime
Character	如	如	意
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	日 (38)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	人諸切	人恕切	於記切
Baxter	nyo	nyoH	'iH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨʌ/	/ȵɨʌH/	/ʔɨH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɔ/	/ȵiɔH/	/ʔɨH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiɔ/	/ȵʑiɔH/	/ʔieH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨə̆/	/ȵɨə̆H/	/ʔɨH/
Li Rong	/ȵiɔ/	/ȵiɔH/	/ʔiəH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭo/	/ȵʑĭoH/	/ĭəH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯wo/	/ȵʑi̯woH/	/ʔiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rú	rù	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4	jyu6	ji3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*na  ʔ(r)ək-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nja|njas  qɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	如	意
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rú	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ nyo ›	‹ ʔiH ›
Old Chinese	/*na/	/*ʔ(r)ək-s/
English	as, like, if	thought (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	如	如	意
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	9623	9631	15153
Phonetic component	女	女	意
Rime group	魚	魚	代
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	如	洳	意
Old Chinese	/*nja/	/*njas/	/*qɯɡs/

Verb

如意

1. to be as one wishes; to be satisfactory

   誰有不如意的時候。 [MSC, trad.]
   谁有不如意的时候。 [MSC, simp.]

   Shéi yǒu bù rúyì de shíhòu. [Pinyin]

   We've all been through hard times before.

Synonyms

• 中意 (zhòngyì)
• 合心 (héxīn)
• 合意 (héyì)
• 心甘 (xīngān)
• 滿／满 (mǎn)
• 滿意／满意 (mǎnyì)
• 滿足／满足 (mǎnzú)
• 甘心 (gānxīn) (usually in the negative)
• 稱心／称心 (chènxīn)
• 稱願／称愿 (chènyuàn)
• 順心／顺心 (shùnxīn) (literary)
• 飽足／饱足 (bǎozú) (literary)
• 饜足／餍足 (yànzú) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 不如意事，十常八九 (bù rúyì shì, shí cháng bā jiǔ)
• 如意套 (rúyìtào)
• 如意算盤／如意算盘 (rúyìsuànpán)
• 如意郎君 (rúyìlángjūn)
• 新正如意 (xīnzhēng rúyì)
• 萬事如意／万事如意 (wànshìrúyì)
• 稱心如意／称心如意

 

Noun

如意

如意 (rúyì, “sceptre”)

1. ceremonial sceptre (auspicious decorative object associated with Chinese Buddhist ritual made from bone or jade, with a cloud or lingzhi-shaped head and slightly curved handle)
2. backscratcher

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (如意):

• → Japanese: 如(にょ)意(い) (nyoi)
• → Korean: 여의(如意) (yeoui)
• → Vietnamese: như ý (如意)