宏

Translingual

Han character

宏 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十大戈 (JKI), four-corner 3043₂, composition ⿱宀厷)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 282, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7086
• Dae Jaweon: page 556, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 916, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5B8F

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		宏

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 宏
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (厷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
肱	*kʷɯːŋ
宏	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
閎	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
吰	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
竑	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
谹	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
翃	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
紘	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
鈜	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
浤	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
耾	*ɡʷrɯːŋ
雄	*ɡʷɯŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hóng (hong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wang⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hong⁵ / kuêng⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hóng
    • Wade–Giles: hung²
    • Yale: húng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horng
    • Palladius: хун (xun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wang⁴
    • Yale: wàhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wang⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: weng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
    • Tâi-lô: hông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hong⁵ / kuêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hông / khuêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hoŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰueŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• hong5 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
• kuêng5 - Jieyang, Chaoyang.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 宏
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/xuŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/xuŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/xuŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/xəŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/xuŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/xuə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/xuŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/xũn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/xuŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/xoŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/xoŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/xoŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/xoŋ³¹/
	Nanjing	/xoŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/xəŋ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/xũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦoŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦoŋ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦoŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ɦoŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/xuʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/xan⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/xoŋ¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ɦən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/fen¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/fen¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɐŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/huŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/wɐŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hɔŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/huŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ɔŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hoŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hɔŋ³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: hweang

Rime
Character	宏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	耕 (118)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	戸萌切
Baxter	hweang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠwɛŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚæŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɐŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwəɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣuɛŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣwæŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣwæŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wang4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤ<r>əŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷrɯːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	宏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hóng
Middle Chinese	‹ hwɛng ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ʷˁ<r>əŋ/
English	resounding; great
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	宏
Reading #	1/1
No.	4130
Phonetic component	厷
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	宏
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷrɯːŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 宏

1. (originally refers to houses) wide; spacious; great; vast
2. extensive
3. loud and clear
4. to enlarge
5. (computing) macro (comparatively human-friendly abbreviation of complex input to a computer program)
6. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

宏

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: おう (ō)
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←くわう (kwau, historical)}
• Kun: ひろい (hiroi, 宏い)

Proper noun

宏(ひろし) • (Hiroshi) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja

宏 (eumhun 클 굉 (keul goeng))

1. large; great

Compounds

Compounds

• 굉곽 (宏廓, goenggwak)
• 굉구 (宏構, goenggu)
• 굉규 (宏規, goenggyu)
• 굉기 (宏器, goenggi)
• 굉달 (宏達, goengdal)
• 굉대 (宏大, goengdae)
• 굉도 (宏圖, goengdo)
• 굉렬 (宏烈, goengnyeol)
• 굉모 (宏謀, goengmo)
• 굉박 (宏博, goengbak)
• 굉변 (宏辯, goengbyeon)
• 굉부 (宏富, goengbu)
• 굉사 (宏肆, goengsa)
• 굉업 (宏業, goeng'eop)
• 굉원 (宏遠, goeng'won)
• 굉유 (宏猷, goeng'yu)
• 굉유 (宏儒, goeng'yu)
• 굉음 (宏飮, goeng'eum)
• 굉장 (宏壯, goengjang)
• 굉장 (宏莊, goengjang)
• 굉재 (宏材, goengjae)
• 굉재 (宏才, goengjae)
• 굉재탁식 (宏才卓識, goengjaetaksik)
• 굉창 (宏敞, goengchang)
• 굉홍 (宏弘, goenghong)
• 굉활 (宏闊, goenghwal)
• 굉후 (宏厚, goenghu)
• 굉휴 (宏休, goenghyu)
• 연굉 (淵宏, yeon'goeng)
• 웅굉 (雄宏, unggoeng)
• 회굉 (恢宏, hoegoeng)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 宏 (hoãng, hoành, giang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.