雄
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
雄 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 大戈人土 (KIOG), four-corner 40014, composition ⿰厷隹)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1365, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41972
- Dae Jaweon: page 1869, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4093, character 3
- Unihan data for U+96C4
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
雄 | |
|---|---|---|
| 2nd round simp. | 厷 | |
| alternative forms | 䧺 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷɯŋ): phonetic 厷 (OC *kʷɯːŋ) + semantic 隹.
Etymology[edit]
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gaŋ (“penis, male”) (STEDT), cognate with Karbi chò-kàng (“penis”), Garo ri-gong (“penis”), Lepcha [script needed] (sun̊-gan̊, “penis”), Pattani gàŋ mì (“male”).
However, Zev Handel doubts the Old Chinese word's cognate status, as "OC labialized initial plus schwa vocalism would normally correspond to a rounded vowel in PTB".
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
雄
- (usually of animals) male
- masculine; powerful; grand
- powerful or influential person or state
- (Hokkien) ruthless; cruel; mean
- (Hokkien) intense; rapid
- alt. forms: 兇
Usage notes[edit]
- Commonly used for animals to mean “male” in academic contexts, less commonly used in non-academic contexts (use 公 instead), and not used for humans (use 男 instead). For example:
Antonyms[edit]
- 雌 (cí, “female”)
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 雄
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Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “雄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
雄
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: う (u); ゆ (yu)
- Kan-on: ゆう (yū, Jōyō)
- Kun: お (o, 雄, Jōyō); おす (osu, 雄, Jōyō)
- Nanori: かつ (katsu); たけ (take); つよし (tsuyoshi); ゆ (yu); よう (yō)
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
| ゆう Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 雄 (hjuwng, “male”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
| お Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
/wo/ → /o/
From Old Japanese. Persists in compounds, such as the first element o- in the modern Japanese term 男 (otoko, “man”).[2][1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (obsolete in isolation) man, male
- 711–712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- 汝こそは遠にいませば
- na koso wa o ni imaseba
- As you yourself be male / a man...
- 汝こそは遠にいませば
- 711–712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- (obsolete) husband
- 711–712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- 吾はもよ女にしあれば汝を除て男は無し汝を除て夫は無し
- wa wa moyo me ni shiareba na o kite o wa nashi na o kite tsuma wa nashi
- As I am a woman, without you, there are no husbands. Without you, there are no wives...
- 吾はもよ女にしあれば汝を除て男は無し汝を除て夫は無し
- 711–712, Kojiki (上巻 [Kamitsumaki])
- something large, powerful, or otherwise masculine
- 雄叫び／雄滝／大夫
- otakebi/odaki/masurao
- a war cry / the larger of two waterfalls / manliness
- 雄叫び／雄滝／大夫
- yang (as opposed to yin)
- 女男、陰陽
- meo, meo
- yin-yang (two different kanji spellings, same reading and derivation)
- 女男、陰陽
Usage notes[edit]
- Not used in isolation in modern Japanese.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 雄臼 (ousu): in a traditional Japanese stone or wooden mill or grinder, the bottom of the two pieces, two which the drive shaft is attached
- 雄鹿 (ojika): a buck, a male deer
- 雄滝 (odaki): the larger of two waterfalls
- 雄叫び (otakebi): a war cry
- 男 (otoko): man
- 夫 (otto): husband
- 雄花 (obana): a male flower
- 須佐之男 (Susa-no-o): Susanoo, the male god of storms
- 益荒男, 丈夫, 大夫 (masurao): manliness
- 女男, 陰陽 (meo): yin-yang
Antonyms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
| おす Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 牡 |
/wosu/ → /osu/
Compound of 雄 (o, “male”) + す (su), but the derivation of the su element is unknown.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
- This is the most common reading of this term in modern Japanese when used as a standalone noun.
- Only used to refer to non-human male organisms.
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as オス.
Synonyms[edit]
- (human male): 男性 (dansei)
Antonyms[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雄 |
| おん Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
/won/ → /on/
Compound of 雄 (o, “male”) + ん (n). The latter -n element might be a contraction of the possessive particle の (no).
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
- Not used in isolation in modern Japanese.
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たけ
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