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See also:
U+7537, 男
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7537

[U+7536]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7538]
U+329A, ㊚
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH MALE

[U+3299]
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
[U+329B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes
Stroke order (Japan)
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 102, +2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田大尸 (WKS), four-corner 60427, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 759, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21730
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1169, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2529, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7537

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意): (field) + (strength) – man providing the strength for agricultural and/or other kinds of (physical) labour on a field.

Etymology[edit]

Probably an area word. Compare Proto-Kiranti *nam (man), Proto-Monic *k()ɲoom (young child), Proto-Wa *h/ʔn[o]m (young man), Thai หนุ่ม (nùm, young man; young) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • lam5 - Chaozhou;
  • nam5 - Shantou.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (8)
    Final () (159)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter nom
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /nʌm/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /nəm/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /nɒm/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /nəm/
    Li
    Rong
    /nᴀm/
    Wang
    Li
    /nɒm/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /năm/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    nán
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    naam4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    nán
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ nom ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*nˁ[ə]m/
    English man, male

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 9354
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*nuːm/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. man; (only of human in Standard Chinese) male
        ―  nánrén  ―  man
        ―  nánhái  ―  boy
      Coordinate term: ()
    2. son
        ―  zhǎngnán  ―  eldest son
    3. baron, lowest of the five ranks of Chinese aristocracy (五等爵位) under the Zhou dynasty
    4. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (gōng, “male (of animals)”)

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (なん) (nan); (だん) (dan)
    • Korean: 남(男) (nam)
    • Vietnamese: nam ()

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. man
    2. son
    3. baron

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    おとこ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    (manga slang)

    ⟨woto2ko1 → */wotəkʷo//wotoko//otoko/

    From Old Japanese.

    Derived from おと (oto, young?, cognate with Old Japanese 復つ (wotu → otsu, to become young again)) +‎ (ko, child).

    Compare 少女 (otome, young woman).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (おとこ) (otokoをとこ (wotoko)?

    1. a male person
      Antonym: (onna)
    2. (specifically) a man, an adult male
      Antonym: (onna)
    3. , : (specifically) a manly man
    4. a male lover
      Synonyms: 愛人 (aijin), 情人 (jōjin, jōnin), 情夫 (jōfu)
    5. a manservant
      Synonym: 下男 (genan)
    6. a husband
      Synonym: (otto)
    7. (obsolete) an unmarried young man
    8. (colloquial) homosexuality
      Synonyms: 男色 (danshoku), 若道 (nyakudō)
    Derived terms[edit]
    Idioms[edit]
    Proverbs[edit]

    Proper noun[edit]

    (おとこ) (Otokoをとこ (wotoko)?

    1. a surname

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /wo//o/

    From Old Japanese.

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    () (o (wo)?

    1. a man
      • 711712, Kojiki (poem 5)
        ...那許曾波(なこそは)()迩伊麻世婆(にいませば)... [Man'yōgana]
        ...()こそはにいませば... [Modern spelling]
        na koso wa o ni imaseba
        (please add an English translation of this example)
      Antonym: (me)
    2. a husband
      Synonym: (otto)
      Antonym: (me)
    3. a male
      Antonym: , , (me)
    4. something large, powerful, or otherwise masculine
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    おのこ
    Grade: 1
    irregular

    Compound of (o, male, see above) +‎ (no, possessive particle) +‎ (ko, child).

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (おのこ) (onokoをのこ (wonoko)?

    1. a boy
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    なん
    Grade: 1
    goon

    /nam//namʉ//naɴ/

    From Middle Chinese (MC nʌm).

    The goon reading, so likely initial borrowing.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (なん) (nan

    1. a man
      Synonym: 男性 (dansei)
    2. a son
      Synonyms: (segare), 息子 (musuko)
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 5[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    だん
    Grade: 1
    kan’on

    /dam//damʉ//daɴ/

    From Middle Chinese (MC nʌm).

    The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

    Noun[edit]

    (だん) (dan

    1. a man
    2. a son
    3. a young man, especially one who reached adulthood
      Synonyms: 壮丁 (sōtei), 若者 (wakamono)
    4. (historical) a baron
      Synonym: 男爵 (danshaku)

    Proper noun[edit]

    (だん) (Dan

    1. a male given name

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC nʌm). Recorded as Middle Korean (nam) (Yale: nam) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 사내 (sanae nam))

    1. Hanja form? of (man).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    Kunigami[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (diminutive suffix).

    Noun[edit]

    (いけが) (ikhega

    1. man

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.

    Noun[edit]

    (うんが) (unga

    1. man

    Oki-No-Erabu[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.

    Noun[edit]

    (いぃんが) (īnga

    1. man

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ゐきが
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi
    Kanji in this term
    ゆきが
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (diminutive suffix).

    Noun[edit]

    (ゐきが) or (ゆきが) (wikiga or yukiga

    1. man
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    をぅとぅく
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    Possibly from Japanese (otoko, man).

    Noun[edit]

    (うぅとぅく) (ūtuku

    1. (literary) man

    References[edit]

    • ゐきが【男】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: nam[1][2][3]
    : Nôm readings: nam[1][2]

    1. chữ Hán form of nam (man; male).

    Derived terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    Yonaguni[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (びんが) (binga

    1. man

    Yoron[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (diminutive suffix).

    Noun[edit]

    (をぅいが) (uiga

    1. man