男
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order (Japan) | |||
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Han character[edit]
男 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田大尸 (WKS), four-corner 60427, composition ⿱田力)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 759, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21730
- Dae Jaweon: page 1169, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2529, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7537
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
男 | |
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alternative forms | 㽖 侽 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 男 | |||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意): 田 (“field”) + 力 (“strength”) – man providing the strength for agricultural and/or other kinds of (physical) labour on a field.
Etymology[edit]
Probably an area word. Compare Proto-Kiranti *nam (“man”), Proto-Monic *k()ɲoom (“young child”), Proto-Wa *h/ʔn[o]m (“young man”), Thai หนุ่ม (nùm, “young man; young”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
男
- man; (only of human in Standard Chinese) male
- 男人 ― nánrén ― man
- 男孩 ― nánhái ― boy
- Coordinate term: 女 (nǚ)
- son
- baron, lowest of the five ranks of Chinese aristocracy (五等爵位) under the Zhou dynasty
- 冬十有二月,會齊侯、宋公、陳侯、衛侯、鄭伯、許男、滑伯、滕子同盟於幽。邾子克卒。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: Spring and Autumn Annals, circa 5th century BCE
- Dōng shíyǒu'èr yuè, huì Qíhóu, Sònggōng, Chénhóu, Wèihóu, Zhèngbó, Xǔnán, Huábó, Téngzǐ tóngméng yú Yōu. Zhūzǐ Kè zú. [Pinyin]
- Winter, 12th month: we met the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, Marquis of Chen, Marquis of Wey, Count of Zheng, Baron of Xu, Count of Hua, Viscount of Teng; we swore an alliance-covenant at You. Viscount Ke of Zhu died.
冬十有二月,会齐侯、宋公、陈侯、卫侯、郑伯、许男、滑伯、滕子同盟于幽。邾子克卒。 [MSC, simp.]
- a surname
Synonyms[edit]
- 公 (gōng, “male (of animals)”)
Compounds[edit]
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Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “男”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: なん (nan, Jōyō)←なん (nan, historical)←なむ (namu, ancient)
- Kan-on: だん (dan, Jōyō)←だん (dan, historical)←だむ (damu, ancient)
- Kun: おとこ (otoko, 男, Jōyō)←をとこ (wotoko, 男, historical); お (o, 男)←を (wo, 男, historical); おのこ (onoko, 男)
- Nanori: いさみ (isami); いさむ (isamu); おと (oto)←をと (woto, historical)
Compounds[edit]
- 男系 (dankei, “male succession”)
- 男根 (dankon, “penis”)
- 男子 (danshi, “boy”)
- 男児 (danji, “infant boy”)
- 男娼 (danshō, “male prostitute”)
- 男爵 (danshaku, “baron”)
- 男女 (danjo, “man and woman”)
- 男色 (danshoku, “homosexual”)
- 男性 (dansei, “man”)
- 男声 (dansei, “male voice”)
- 男装 (dansō, “male costume”)
- 男尊女卑 (dansonjohi, “male chauvinism”)
- 男優 (dan'yū, “actor”)
- 男根 (nankon)
- 男色 (nanshoku)
- 下男 (genan)
- 次男 (jinan), 二男 (jinan)
- 善男 (zennan)
- 善男善女 (zennan zennyo)
- 息男 (sokunan, “son”, honorific)
- 嫡男 (chakunan)
- 長男 (chōnan)
- 美男 (binan), 美男 (bidan)
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
おとこ Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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漢 (manga slang) |
⟨woto2ko1⟩ → */wotəkʷo/ → /wotoko/ → /otoko/
From Old Japanese.
Derived from おと (oto, “young?”, cognate with Old Japanese 復つ (wotu → otsu, “to become young again”)) + 子 (ko, “child”).
Compare 少女 (otome, “young woman”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a male person
- Antonym: 女 (onna)
- (specifically) a man, an adult male
- Antonym: 女 (onna)
- 男, 漢: (specifically) a manly man
- a male lover
- a manservant
- Synonym: 下男 (genan)
- a husband
- Synonym: 夫 (otto)
- (obsolete) an unmarried young man
- (colloquial) homosexuality
Derived terms[edit]
- 男し (otokoshi)
- 男郎花 (otokoeshi), 男郎花 (otokomeshi)
- 男親 (otokōya, “male parent”)
- 男神 (otokogami, “masculine god”)
- 男側 (otokogawa, “man's side”)
- 男気 (otokogi, “chivalrous spirit”)
- 男心 (otoko-gokoro, “male mind”)
- 男言葉 (otoko kotoba, “male language”)
- 男坂 (otokozaka, “steep slope”)
- 男手 (otokode, “male worker”)
- 男友達 (otoko tomodachi, “boyfriend, male friend”)
- 男の子 (otoko no ko, “boy”)
- 男の人 (otoko no hito, “adult man”)
- 男前 (otokomae)
- 男役 (otokoyaku, “role of man”)
- 男山 (otokoyama, “steep mountain”)
- 男鰥 (otoko yamome)
- 男湯 (otokoyu, “men's bath”)
- 男を上げる (otoko o ageru)
- 男を売る (otoko o uru)
- 男を下げる (otoko o sageru)
- 男を知る (otoko o shiru)
- 男を磨く (otoko o migaku)
- 色男 (irōtoko)
- 作男 (sakuotoko)
- 下男 (shimōtoko)
- 間男 (maotoko)
- むくつけ男 (mukutsuke otoko)
- 雪男 (yuki otoko)
Idioms[edit]
Proverbs[edit]
- 男の目には糸を引け女の目には鈴を張れ (otoko no me ni wa ito o hike onna no me ni wa suzu o hare)
- 男は度胸女は愛嬌 (otoko wa dokyō onna wa aikyō)
- 男は裸百貫 (otoko wa hadaka-hyakkan)
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
お Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
/wo/ → /o/
From Old Japanese.
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a man
- 711–712, Kojiki (poem 5)
- ...那許曾波遠迩伊麻世婆... [Man'yōgana]
- ...汝こそはをにいませば... [Modern spelling]
- na koso wa o ni imaseba
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- Antonym: 女 (me)
- 711–712, Kojiki (poem 5)
- a husband
- a male
- something large, powerful, or otherwise masculine
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
おのこ Grade: 1 |
irregular |
Compound of 男 (o, “male”, see above) + の (no, possessive particle) + 子 (ko, “child”).
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a boy
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
なん Grade: 1 |
goon |
/nam/ → /namʉ/ → /naɴ/
From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nʌm).
The goon reading, so likely initial borrowing.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 一男 (ichinan)
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
だん Grade: 1 |
kan’on |
/dam/ → /damʉ/ → /daɴ/
From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nʌm).
The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.
Noun[edit]
- a man
- a son
- a young man, especially one who reached adulthood
- (historical) a baron
- Synonym: 男爵 (danshaku)
Proper noun[edit]
- a male given name
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nʌm). Recorded as Middle Korean 남 (nam) (Yale: nam) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Kunigami[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (“diminutive suffix”).
Noun[edit]
男 (ikhega)
Etymology 2[edit]
From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.
Noun[edit]
男 (unga)
Oki-No-Erabu[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.
Noun[edit]
男 (īnga)
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
ゐきが Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
ゆきが Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (“diminutive suffix”).
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 男しーじゃ (wikiga shīja, “older brother”)
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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男 |
をぅとぅく Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Possibly from Japanese 男 (otoko, “man”).
Noun[edit]
男 (ūtuku)
References[edit]
- “ゐきが【男】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
男: Hán Việt readings: nam[1][2][3]
男: Nôm readings: nam[1][2]
Derived terms[edit]
- 男正 (nam chính)
- 男界 (nam giới)
- 男人魚 (nam nhân ngư)
- 男兒 (nam nhi)
- 男女 (nam nữ)
- 男生 (nam sinh)
- 男清女秀 (nam thanh nữ tú)
- 男食如虎,女食如貓 (nam thực như hổ, nữ thực như miêu)
- 男性 (nam tính)
- 男尊女卑 (nam tôn nữ ti)
- 男裝 (nam trang)
- 男子 (nam tử)
- 男爵 (nam tước)
- 一男曰有,十女曰無 (nhất nam viết hữu, thập nữ viết vô)
- 次男 (thứ nam)
- 重男輕女 (trọng nam khinh nữ)
- 長男 (trưởng nam)
References[edit]
Yonaguni[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
男 (binga)
Yoron[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (“diminutive suffix”).
Noun[edit]
男 (uiga)
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- ja:Children
- ja:Family
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- xug:Male
- xug:Male animals
- xug:People
- Oki-No-Erabu Han characters
- Oki-No-Erabu kanji with kun reading いぃんが
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- okn:Male
- okn:Male animals
- okn:People
- Okinawan Han characters
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading ゐきが
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- Okinawan kanji with kun reading うぅとぅく
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- ryu:Family
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- yoi:Male
- yoi:People
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- yox:Male
- yox:Male animals
- yox:People