悲

Translingual

Han character

悲 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中卜心 (LYP), four-corner 1133₁, composition ⿱非心)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 388, character 37
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10720
• Dae Jaweon: page 721, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2310, character 4
• Unihan data for U+60B2

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Chinese

trad.		悲
simp. #		悲

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (非) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
啡	*pʰɯːlʔ
排	*brɯːl
俳	*brɯːl
輫	*brɯːl, *buːl
悲	*prɯl
棑	*breː, *brɯːls
輩	*puːls
裴	*buːl, *bɯl
徘	*buːl
琲	*buːlʔ
痱	*buːlʔ, *pɯds, *bɯl, *bɯls
非	*pɯl
扉	*pɯl
緋	*pɯl
猆	*pɯl
斐	*pɯl, *pʰɯlʔ
馡	*pɯl
騑	*pɯl, *pʰɯl
誹	*pɯl, *pɯlʔ, *pɯls
餥	*pɯl, *pɯlʔ
匪	*pɯlʔ
棐	*pɯlʔ
蜚	*pɯlʔ, *bɯls
篚	*pɯlʔ
榧	*pɯlʔ
鯡	*pɯls
霏	*pʰɯl
菲	*pʰɯl, *pʰɯlʔ, *bɯls
婔	*pʰɯl
裶	*pʰɯl
悱	*pʰɯlʔ
奜	*pʰɯlʔ
腓	*bɯl, *bɯls
陫	*bɯlʔ
屝	*bɯls
厞	*bɯls
翡	*bɯls

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bēi (bei¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bei¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pî
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bui¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bēi
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bei
    • Wade–Giles: pei¹
    • Yale: bēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bei
    • Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bei¹
    • Yale: bēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: béi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pî
    • Hakka Romanization System: bi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /pi²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi
    • Tâi-lô: pi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: py
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pi³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pi⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bui¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pui³³/

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• Middle Chinese: pij

Rime
Character	悲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	府眉切
Baxter	pij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚi/
Shao Rongfen	/piɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pji/
Li Rong	/pji/
Wang Li	/pi/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bei1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*prəj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*prɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	悲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bēi
Middle Chinese	‹ pij ›
Old Chinese	/*prəj/
English	sad
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悲
Reading #	1/1
No.	3067
Phonetic component	非
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	悲
Old Chinese	/*prɯl/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 悲

1. sad; sorrowful
2. to pity

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Japanese

Kanji

悲

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. sad

Readings

• Go-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
• Kun: かなしい (kanashii, 悲しい, Jōyō); かなしむ (kanashimu, 悲しむ, Jōyō); かなしみ (kanashimi, 悲しみ)

Compounds

• 悲(ひ)劇(げき) (higeki, “tragedy”)
• 悲(ひ)鳴(めい) (himei, “scream”)
• 悲(ひ)喜(き) (hiki, “joys and sorrows”)

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Korean

Hanja

悲 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 悲 (bi, bây, bầy, bay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 悲𣇞 (bây giờ)