据える
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Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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据 |
す Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]From classical shimo nidan katsuyō verb 据う (suu),[1] possibly parsed as *suwu. In the Muromachi period, there also exists a classical verb 据ゆ (suyu).
Compare 座る (suwaru, “sit”, intransitive).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "据える"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
据える | すえる | [sùérú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 据えろ | すえろ | [sùéró] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 据えられる | すえられる | [sùérárérú] |
Causative | 据えさせる | すえさせる | [sùésásérú] |
Potential | 据えられる | すえられる | [sùérárérú] |
Volitional | 据えよう | すえよー | [sùéyóꜜò] |
Negative | 据えない | すえない | [sùénáí] |
Negative perfective | 据えなかった | すえなかった | [sùénáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 据えます | すえます | [sùémáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 据えた | すえた | [sùétá] |
Conjunctive | 据えて | すえて | [sùété] |
Hypothetical conditional | 据えれば | すえれば | [sùéréꜜbà] |
Verb
[edit]据える • (sueru) ←すゑる (sweru)?transitive ichidan (stem 据え (sue), past 据えた (sueta))
Japanese verb pair | |
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active | 据える |
mediopassive | 据わる |
- (of an object) to place, set (so it cannot be moved)
- to lay a foundation
- to seat someone
- to settle on, focus oneself
- to apply moxa
- to (place a) seal
- Synonym: 捺印する (natsuin suru)
- (of birds, etc.) to perch
- to plant, transplant
- Synonym: 植え付ける (uetsukeru)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "据える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 据え | すえ | sue | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 据え | すえ | sue | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 据える | すえる | sueru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 据える | すえる | sueru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 据えれ | すえれ | suere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 据えよ¹ 据えろ² |
すえよ¹ すえろ² |
sueyo¹ suero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 据えられる | すえられる | suerareru | |
Causative | 据えさせる 据えさす |
すえさせる すえさす |
suesaseru suesasu | |
Potential | 据えられる 据えれる³ |
すえられる すえれる³ |
suerareru suereru³ | |
Volitional | 据えよう | すえよう | sueyō | |
Negative | 据えない 据えぬ 据えん |
すえない すえぬ すえん |
suenai suenu suen | |
Negative continuative | 据えず | すえず | suezu | |
Formal | 据えます | すえます | suemasu | |
Perfective | 据えた | すえた | sueta | |
Conjunctive | 据えて | すえて | suete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 据えれば | すえれば | suereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 末 (sue, “end, close, last”)
- 据石, 据え石 (sueishi)
- 据置く, 据え置く (sueoku)
- 据金物, 据え金物 (sue-kanamono)
- 据え炬燵 (sue-gotatsu)
- 据え膳 (suezen)
- 据付ける, 据え付ける (suetsukeru)
- 据-風呂, 据え風呂 (sue-furo)
- 据身, 据え身 (suemi)
- 据物, 据え物 (suemono)
- 打据える, 打ち据える (uchisueru)
- 売据え, 売り据え (urisue)
- 置き据え (okisue)
- 折据え, 折り据え (orisue)
- 舁き据え屋形舟 (kakisue-yakatabune)
- 釜据え (kamasue)
- 性根を据えてかかる (shōne o suete kakaru)
- 突据える, 突き据える (tsukisueru)
- 睨み据える (niramisueru)
- 引据える, 引き据える (hikisueru)
- 見据える (misueru)
Idioms
[edit]Idioms
- 肝を据える (kimo o sueru, “place one's liver → do with determination”)
- 灸を据える (kyū o sueru, “apply moxa on skin → chastise, scold”)
- 腰を据える (koshi o sueru, “place one's back → settle down”)
- 尻を据える (shiri o sueru, “place one's butt → sit down”)
- 腹に据えかねる (hara ni suekaneru, “be unable to keep in one's belly → not suppress one's anger”)
- 瞳を据える (hitomi o sueru, “focus one's pupils → stare and not move one's eyes”)
- 御輿を据える (mikoshi o sueru, “lay a mikoshi down → rest, not move”)
- 目を据える (me o sueru, “focus one's eye → focus without moving one's eyeballs”)
Proverbs
[edit]- 手に据えた鷹を逸らす (te ni sueta taka o sorasu)
References
[edit]Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 据 read as す
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms historically spelled with ゑ
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese type 2 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji