武士
Chinese
martial; military | scholar; warrior; knight | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (武士) |
武 | 士 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄕˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wǔshìh
- Wade–Giles: wu3-shih4
- Yale: wǔ-shr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuushyh
- Palladius: уши (uši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: mou5 si6
- Yale: móuh sih
- Cantonese Pinyin: mou5 si6
- Guangdong Romanization: mou5 xi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /mou̯¹³ siː²²/
- Homophones:
冇事
武士
獅虎/狮虎
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Noun
(deprecated template usage) 武士
- warrior; fighter
- soldier
- (historical) member of a powerful military caste (in medieval Europe or Japan); samurai
- (historical) palace guard
Synonyms
- (warrior):
- (soldier):
- 兵人 (bīngrén) (literary)
- 兵仔 (Hakka, Hokkien)
- 兵勇 (bīngyǒng) (dated)
- 兵卒 (bīngzú) (dated)
- 兵員/兵员 (bīngyuán)
- 兵士 (bīngshì)
- 兵跤仔 (Hokkien, dated)
- 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
- 士兵 (shìbīng)
- 士卒 (shìzú) (archaic)
- 大兵 (dàbīng) (dated, sometimes derogatory)
- 師徒/师徒 (shītú) (Classical Chinese)
- 戰士/战士 (zhànshì)
- 旌旗 (jīngqí) (figurative, literary)
- 武人 (wǔrén)
- 武夫 (wǔfū) (literary)
- 營兵/营兵 (Hokkien, dated)
- 甲士 (jiǎshì) (archaic)
- 軍人/军人 (jūnrén)
- 軍士/军士 (jūnshì)
Derived terms
Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
武 | 士 |
ぶ Grade: 5 |
し Grade: 5 |
kan'on |
From 伏 (bushi), found in terms such as 山伏 (yamabushi, “mountain hermit”) and 野伏 (nobushi, “hermit; brigand”). Fushi is the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 伏す (fusu, “to bow down, to prostrate”). The kanji are ateji (当て字), according to Shinobu Orikuchi.[1] However, 武士 itself is first attested in the Nara period.
Pronunciation
Lua error in Module:ja-pron at line 78: Parameter "y" is not used by this template.
Noun
- a person who serves a lord or a master
- samurai
- 武士は食わねど高楊枝
- bushi wa kuwanedo takayōji
- a samurai, even when he has not eaten, uses a toothpick like a lord
- 武士は食わねど高楊枝
- warrior
- samurai
Derived terms
- 武士気質 (bushi-katagi)
- 武士詞 (bushi-kotoba)
- 武士団 (bushidan)
- 武士道 (bushidō)
- 武士の商法 (bushi no shōhō)
- 古武士 (kobushi)
Proverbs
- 武士に二言なし (bushi ni nigon nashi)
- 武士は相身互い (bushi wa aimitagai)
- 花は桜木人は武士 (hana wa sakuragi hito wa bushi)
Proper noun
- a place name
- a surname
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
武 | 士 |
Grade: 5 | Grade: 5 |
irregular |
/mo2no2no2be1/ → */mo2no2no2bu/ → */mo2no2no2pu/ → /mononopu/ → /mononofu/
From Old Japanese.
From the 物部氏 (Mononobe-uji, “Mononobe clan”), by re-interpretation of the kun-reading of 部 (be) to the kanyōon reading of fu. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
Lua error in Module:ja-pron at line 78: Parameter "y" is not used by this template.
Noun
- a person who serves a lord or a master
- 1987 March 20 [1987 February 20], Fujiko Fujio, “超兵器ガ壱號 [Super-Weapon Guh Mk. Ⅰ]”, in カンビュセスの籤 [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 SF全短編; 1), 2nd edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第一章, page 99:
- 「忠臣ニハ二君仕エズ」ト海堂サン教エタデショ 今デハ日本ガ私ノ祖国 不名誉ナ追放ヨリ名誉アル死ヲ選ビマス 武士ノ死ニザマヲ見トドケテクダサイ
- “Chūshin ni wa nikun tsukaezu” to Kaidō-san oshieta desho Ima de wa Nippon ga watashi no sokoku Fumeiyo na tsuihō yori meiyo aru shi o ebimasu Mononofu no shi ni zama o mitodokete kudasai
- Kaidō-san taught me that “royal servants do not serve two masters”, right? Japan is now my motherland. I would rather choose honored death over dishonored exile. Please watch me die like a samurai.
- (historical) an official who served in the upper court in the pre-Heian period (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 3
Various nanori readings.
Proper noun
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
武 | 士 |
たけ Grade: 5 |
し Grade: 5 |
- a place name
- a surname
- a male given name (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
- a male given name (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
References
- ^ Shinobu Orikuchi, Gorotsuki no Hanashi (ごろつきの話), 1928 in 折口信夫 全集, vol. 3, 1966:
更に、此頃になって目立って来た、もう一つの浮浪者があった。諸方の豪族の家々の子弟のうち、総領の土地を貰ふことの出来なかったもの、乃至は、戦争に負けて土地を奪はれたものなどが、諸国に新しい土地を求めようとして、彷徨した。此が又、前の浮浪団体に混同した。道中の便宜を得る為に、彼等の群に投じたといふやうなことがあったのだ。後世の「武士」は、実は宛て字である。「ぶし」の語原はこれらの野ぶし・山ぶしにあるらしい。
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
武 | 士 |
Noun
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
武 | 士 |
Noun
武士
Derived terms
- Cantonese terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- zh:Military
- zh:Occupations
- zh:People
- zh:Japan
- Japanese terms spelled with 武 read as ぶ
- Japanese terms spelled with 士 read as し
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms spelled with ateji
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese terms spelled with 武
- Japanese terms spelled with 士
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun
- Japanese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms with historical senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 武 read as たけ
- Japanese given names
- Japanese male given names
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán