沛

沛 U+6C9B, 沛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C9B ← 沚 [U+6C9A] CJK Unified Ideographs 沜 → [U+6C9C]

Translingual

Han character

沛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 水十月 (EJB) or 水卜中月 (EYLB), four-corner 3512₇, composition ⿰氵巿(GHTJV) or ⿰氵市(K))

Derived characters

• 𢭿, 𱽫, 𬆃, 霈

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 612, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17216
• Dae Jaweon: page 1005, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1559, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6C9B

Chinese

simp. and trad.		沛
alternative forms		𥫴 㳈 伂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沛
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (巿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
沛	*poːbs, *pʰoːbs
芾	*poːbs, *pubs, *pub
伂	*poːbs
霈	*pʰoːbs
旆	*boːbs
肺	*pʰobs
杮	*pʰobs
巿	*pub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *poːbs, *pʰoːbs): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 巿 (OC *pub).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pèi (pei⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pui³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phi / phai

  (Hailu, HRS): poi^ˇ / pai^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): pi⁴

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): puei⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phài / phòe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pai³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pèi
    • Wade–Giles: pʻei⁴
    • Yale: pèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pey
    • Palladius: пэй (pɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pui³
    • Yale: pui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pui³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pui³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phi / phai
    • Hakka Romanization System: pi / pai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pi⁴ / pai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰi⁵⁵/, /pʰai̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: poi^ˇ / pai^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoi¹¹/, /pʰai¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: pi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰi⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: puei⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: po̍i
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuei⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phài
    • Tâi-lô: phài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phaix
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰai⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pʰai¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /pʰai²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòe
    • Tâi-lô: phuè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoex
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /pʰue⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: pai³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰai²¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pajH, phajH

Rime
Character	沛	沛
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	愽蓋切	普蓋切
Baxter	pajH	phajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɑiH/	/pʰɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/pɑiH/	/pʰɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/pɑiH/	/pʰɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pajH/	/pʰajH/
Li Rong	/pɑiH/	/pʰɑiH/
Wang Li	/pɑiH/	/pʰɑiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pɑiH/	/pʰɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bèi	pèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bui3	pui3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*poːbs/, /*pʰoːbs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沛	沛
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3287	3290
Phonetic component	巿	巿
Rime group	祭	祭
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime		霈
Old Chinese	/*poːbs/	/*pʰoːbs/

Definitions

沛

1. (literary) abundant; full; copious
2. (literary) swift; sudden
3. (literary) marshland
4. a surname

Compounds

• 充沛 (chōngpèi)
• 汎沛 / 泛沛
• 沛公 (Pèigōng)
• 沛國 / 沛国 (Pèiguó)
• 沛沛
• 沛澤 / 沛泽
• 沛然 (pèirán)
• 沛縣 / 沛县 (Pèixiàn)
• 沛艾
• 沛雨甘霖
• 流離顛沛 / 流离颠沛
• 渿沛
• 滂沛 (pāngpèi)
• 滯沛 / 滞沛
• 漰沛
• 灃沛 / 沣沛
• 精力充沛
• 葉斯沛森 / 叶斯沛森
• 豐沛 / 丰沛 (fēngpèi)
• 造次顛沛 / 造次颠沛
• 項莊舞劍，意在沛公 / 项庄舞剑，意在沛公 (Xiàng Zhuāng wǔ jiàn, yì zài Pèigōng)
• 顛沛 / 颠沛 (diānpèi)
• 顛沛流離 / 颠沛流离 (diānpèiliúlí)

Japanese

Kanji

沛

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: はい (hai)
• Kan-on: はい (hai)
• Kun: さわ (sawa)、さかん (sakan)

Korean

Hanja

沛 (eum 패 (pae))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

沛: Hán Việt readings: phái, bái
沛: Nôm readings: phải, phới, phai, phảy, phởi, pháy, phơi, phay, phây, phẩy

1. chữ Nôm form of phai (“(of colours) to fade”)
2. chữ Nôm form of phải
   1. (often with bên) right (side, direction)
   2. correct
   3. (modal auxiliary) must, have to, should
   4. to have to endure (something unpleasant)