瞎

Translingual

Han character

瞎 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月山十手口 (BUJQR), four-corner 6306₁, composition ⿰目害)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 814, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23586
• Dae Jaweon: page 1228, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2507, character 15
• Unihan data for U+778E

---

Chinese

trad.		瞎
simp. #		瞎
alternative forms		⿰目下 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (害) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
轄	*kʰaːds, *ɡraːd
害	*ɡaːds
犗	*kraːds
幰	*qʰanʔ
攇	*qʰanʔ
憲	*hŋans
瀗	*qʰans
割	*kaːd
磍	*kreːd, *kʰraːd
瞎	*qʰraːd
鎋	*ɡraːd
鶷	*ɡraːd
縖	*ɡraːd
豁	*qʰʷaːd

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiā (xia¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hat⁶
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): had⁵
• Northern Min (KCR): hăi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hat / khoeh

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiā
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sia
    • Wade–Giles: hsia¹
    • Yale: syā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shia
    • Palladius: ся (sja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hat⁶
    • Yale: haht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐt̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: had⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /hat̚¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hăi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xai²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hat
    • Tâi-lô: hat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: had
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hat̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoeh
    • Tâi-lô: khueh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoeq
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰueʔ³²/

Note:

• hat - literary;
• khoeh - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: hag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚²/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 瞎
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕia⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕia⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑ²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕia²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɕia⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕia²⁴/
	Xi'an	/xa²¹/
	Xining	/ɕia⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕia¹³/ ～子 /xa¹³/ ～倯
	Lanzhou	/xa¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xa²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕia²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ɕia³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕia²¹/
	Kunming	/ɕia̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/ɕiɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xaʔ²/ /ɕiaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/xʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/haʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/haʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ha²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/xaʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/xɔ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕia²⁴/ /xa²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/hɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/haʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/hat̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/hɑt̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hɐt̚²/
	Nanning	/hɐt̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/hɐt̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hap̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/hɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xai²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hak̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hai³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: xaet

Rime
Character	瞎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	黠 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	許鎋切
Baxter	xaet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/haɨt̚/
Li Rong	/xat̚/
Wang Li	/xat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xia
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haat3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰraːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瞎
Reading #	1/1
No.	4854
Phonetic component	害
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	瞎
Old Chinese	/*qʰraːd/
Notes	見釋名

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 瞎

1. blind
2. at random

   瞎走  ―  xiāzǒu  ―  to walk around aimlessly

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

---

Japanese

Kanji

瞎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: けち (kechi)
• Kan-on: かつ (katsu)
• Kun: かため (katame); めくら (mekura)

---

Korean

Hanja

瞎 • (hal) (hangeul 할)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 瞎 (hạt)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.