糊塗

See also: 糊涂

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (糊塗)		糊	塗
simp. (糊涂)		糊	涂
alternative forms		胡塗／胡涂 糊突 胡突 鶻突／鹘突

Etymology

Unknown. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. Particularly: “first attested?”

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): hútu, hútú, húdu

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄊㄨ, ㄏㄨˊ ㄊㄨˊ, ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄉㄨ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu² tu²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴ tou⁴
• Gan (Wiktionary): fu⁴ tu
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fù-thù
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hô͘-tô͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁵ tu⁵

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶wu-du / ²ghou-dou₂

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hútu
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄊㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hútů
    • Wade–Giles: hu²-tʻu⁵
    • Yale: hú-tu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.tu
    • Palladius: хуту (xutu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ tʰu³/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hútú
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄊㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hútú
    • Wade–Giles: hu²-tʻu²
    • Yale: hú-tú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwutwu
    • Palladius: хуту (xutu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ tʰu³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, colloquial variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: húdu
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄉㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: húdů
    • Wade–Giles: hu²-tu⁵
    • Yale: hú-du
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.du
    • Palladius: худу (xudu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ d̥u³/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fu² tu²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: futu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹ tʰu²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wu⁴ tou⁴
    • Yale: wùh tòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴ tou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴ tou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹ tʰou̯²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 糊塗 / 糊涂 胡桃

• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fu⁴ tu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ tʰu²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù-thù
    • Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˇ tu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fu² tu²
    • Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹ tʰu¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘-tô͘
    • Tâi-lô: hôo-tôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ho'doo
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³⁻²² tɔ¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Singapore): /hɔ²⁴⁻²¹ tɔ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³⁻³³ tɔ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hu⁵ tu⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hû thû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶wu-du
    • MiniDict: wu^去 du
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhu-du
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²² du⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ²ghou-dou₂
    • MiniDict: ghou^平 dou^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦəu²² dəu³³/

Adjective

糊塗

1. bewildered; confused; muddled; muddle-headed
2. messy; disordered; chaotic

Synonyms

• (bewildered): 朦朧／朦胧 (ménglóng), 迷糊 (míhu), 迷濛／迷蒙 (míméng), 智惛 (zhìhūn), 懵懂 (měngdǒng)
• (messy):

edit

• 一塌糊塗 / 一塌糊涂
• 一鍋粥 / 一锅粥 (yīguōzhōu)
• 一鑊泡 / 一镬泡 (jat¹ wok⁶ pou⁵) (Cantonese)
• 一鑊粥 / 一镬粥 (jat¹ wok⁶ zuk¹) (Cantonese)
• 亂 / 乱 (luàn)
• 亂七八糟 / 乱七八糟 (luànqībāzāo)
• 亂雜 / 乱杂 (luànzá) (literary)
• 凌亂 (língluàn)
• 嘈亂 / 嘈乱 (cáoluàn) (literary, of sound)
• 大鼎炒狗蟻 / 大鼎炒狗蚁 (Hokkien)
• 挐亂 / 挐乱 (Hokkien)
• 擾擾 / 扰扰 (rǎorǎo)
• 散亂 / 散乱 (sǎnluàn)
• 有七無八 / 有七无八 (Hokkien)
• 殽亂 / 淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
• 混亂 / 混乱 (hùnluàn)
• 烏七八糟 / 乌七八糟 (wūqībāzāo)
• 烏哩單刀 / 乌哩单刀 (Cantonese)
• 無序 / 无序 (wúxù)
• 狼戾 (Hakka, literary)
• 狼狼戾戾 (Hakka)
• 狼藉 (lángjí)
• 立立亂 / 立立乱 (lap⁶ lap^6-2 lyun⁶) (Cantonese)
• 糾紛 / 纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
• 紊 (wěn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 紛亂 / 纷乱 (fēnluàn)
• 紊亂 / 紊乱 (wěnluàn)
• 紛雜 / 纷杂 (fēnzá) (literary)
• 繚亂 / 缭乱 (liáoluàn) (formal)
• 肆亂 / 肆乱 (sìluàn) (literary)
• 荊棘 / 荆棘 (jīngjí) (literary, figurative)
• 蕪雜 / 芜杂 (wúzá)
• 雜亂 / 杂乱 (záluàn)
• 雜醪膏 / 杂醪膏 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 鬼打樣 / 鬼打样 (Hakka)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “bewildered”): 清醒 (qīngxǐng)

Derived terms

• 一塌糊塗 / 一塌糊涂
• 一時糊塗 / 一时糊涂
• 昧著惺惺使糊塗 / 昧著惺惺使糊涂
• 糊塗帳 / 糊涂帐 (hútuzhàng)
• 糊塗油蒙心 / 糊涂油蒙心
• 糊塗蛋 / 糊涂蛋
• 糊塗蟲 / 糊涂虫
• 糊塗賬 / 糊涂账 (hútuzhàng)
• 糊裡糊塗 / 糊里糊涂
• 糊里糊塗
• 老糊塗 / 老糊涂 (lǎohútú)
• 聰明一世，糊塗一時 / 聪明一世，糊涂一时 (cōngmíng yīshì, hútú yīshí)
• 裝糊塗 / 装糊涂
• 難得糊塗 / 难得糊涂

Noun

糊塗

1. A paste-like food made from flour or grain powder; mush.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
糊	塗
こ Jinmeiyō	と Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ko̞to̞]
• (Tokyo) こと [kóꜜtò] (Atamadaka – [1])

Noun

糊(こ)塗(と) • (koto) 

1. hiding the truth; cheat, deception

Verb

糊(こ)塗(と)する • (koto suru) suru (stem 糊(こ)塗(と)し (koto shi), past 糊(こ)塗(と)した (koto shita))

1. gloss over a mistake

Conjugation

Conjugation of "糊塗する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	糊塗し	ことし	koto shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	糊塗し	ことし	koto shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	糊塗する	ことする	koto suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	糊塗する	ことする	koto suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	糊塗すれ	ことすれ	koto sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	糊塗せよ¹ 糊塗しろ²	ことせよ¹ ことしろ²	koto seyo¹ koto shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	糊塗される	ことされる	koto sareru
Causative	糊塗させる 糊塗さす	ことさせる ことさす	koto saseru koto sasu
Potential	糊塗できる	ことできる	koto dekiru
Volitional	糊塗しよう	ことしよう	koto shiyō
Negative	糊塗しない	ことしない	koto shinai
Negative continuative	糊塗せず	ことせず	koto sezu
Formal	糊塗します	ことします	koto shimasu
Perfective	糊塗した	ことした	koto shita
Conjunctive	糊塗して	ことして	koto shite
Hypothetical conditional	糊塗すれば	ことすれば	koto sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “^▲糊塗”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
糊	塗

Adjective

糊塗

1. chữ Hán form of hồ đồ (“foolish”)