糊塗
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See also: 糊涂
Chinese
[edit]phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (糊塗) | 糊 | 塗 | |
simp. (糊涂) | 糊 | 涂 | |
alternative forms | 胡塗/胡涂 糊突 胡突 鶻突/鹘突 |
Etymology
[edit]Unknown. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. first attested?
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu2 tu2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wu4 tou4
- Gan (Wiktionary): fu4 tu
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fù-thù
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6wu-du
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄊㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hútů
- Wade–Giles: hu2-tʻu5
- Yale: hú-tu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.tu
- Palladius: хуту (xutu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu³⁵ tʰu³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄊㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hútú
- Wade–Giles: hu2-tʻu2
- Yale: hú-tú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwutwu
- Palladius: хуту (xutu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu³⁵ tʰu³⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 糊塗/糊涂
胡塗/胡涂
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial variant in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄉㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: húdů
- Wade–Giles: hu2-tu5
- Yale: hú-du
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.du
- Palladius: худу (xudu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu³⁵ d̥u³/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fu2 tu2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: futu
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu²¹ tʰu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wu4 tou4
- Yale: wùh tòuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: wu4 tou4
- Guangdong Romanization: wu4 tou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /wuː²¹ tʰou̯²¹/
- Homophones:
糊塗/糊涂
胡桃
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fu4 tu
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu³⁵ tʰu²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù-thù
- Hakka Romanization System: fuˇ tuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fu2 tu2
- Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹ tʰu¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Adjective
[edit]糊塗
Synonyms
[edit]- 一塌糊塗/一塌糊涂
- 亂/乱 (luàn)
- 亂七八糟/乱七八糟 (luànqībāzāo)
- 亂雜/乱杂 (luànzá) (literary)
- 凌亂 (língluàn)
- 嘈亂/嘈乱 (cáoluàn) (literary, of sound)
- 大鼎炒狗蟻/大鼎炒狗蚁 (Hokkien)
- 挐亂/挐乱 (Hokkien)
- 擾擾/扰扰 (rǎorǎo)
- 散亂/散乱 (sǎnluàn)
- 有七無八/有七无八 (Hokkien)
- 殽亂/淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
- 混亂/混乱 (hùnluàn)
- 烏七八糟/乌七八糟 (wūqībāzāo)
- 烏哩單刀/乌哩单刀 (Cantonese)
- 無序/无序 (wúxù)
- 狼戾 (Hakka, literary)
- 狼狼戾戾 (Hakka)
- 狼藉 (lángjí)
- 立立亂/立立乱 (lap6 lap6-2 lyun6) (Cantonese)
- 糾紛/纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
- 紊 (wěn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 紛亂/纷乱 (fēnluàn)
- 紊亂/紊乱 (wěnluàn)
- 紛雜/纷杂 (fēnzá) (literary)
- 繚亂/缭乱 (liáoluàn) (formal)
- 肆亂/肆乱 (sìluàn) (literary)
- 荊棘/荆棘 (jīngjí) (literary, figurative)
- 蕪雜/芜杂 (wúzá)
- 雜亂/杂乱 (záluàn)
- 雜醪膏/杂醪膏 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 鬼打樣/鬼打样 (Hakka)
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “bewildered”): 清醒 (qīngxǐng)
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
糊 | 塗 |
こ Jinmeiyō |
と Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]糊塗する • (koto suru) suru (stem 糊塗し (koto shi), past 糊塗した (koto shita))
- gloss over a mistake
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "糊塗する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 糊塗し | ことし | koto shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 糊塗し | ことし | koto shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 糊塗する | ことする | koto suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 糊塗する | ことする | koto suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 糊塗すれ | ことすれ | koto sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 糊塗せよ¹ 糊塗しろ² |
ことせよ¹ ことしろ² |
koto seyo¹ koto shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 糊塗される | ことされる | koto sareru | |
Causative | 糊塗させる 糊塗さす |
ことさせる ことさす |
koto saseru koto sasu | |
Potential | 糊塗できる | ことできる | koto dekiru | |
Volitional | 糊塗しよう | ことしよう | koto shiyō | |
Negative | 糊塗しない | ことしない | koto shinai | |
Negative continuative | 糊塗せず | ことせず | koto sezu | |
Formal | 糊塗します | ことします | koto shimasu | |
Perfective | 糊塗した | ことした | koto shita | |
Conjunctive | 糊塗して | ことして | koto shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 糊塗すれば | ことすれば | koto sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
糊 | 塗 |
Adjective
[edit]糊塗
Categories:
- Chinese terms with unknown etymologies
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Cantonese terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
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- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 糊
- Chinese terms spelled with 塗
- Elementary Mandarin
- Chinese disyllabic morphemes
- Japanese terms spelled with 糊 read as こ
- Japanese terms spelled with 塗 read as と
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
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