View source for 糖

{{also|醣}}
{{character info}}
{{character info|0xfa03}}
==Translingual==

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=119|rad=米|as=10|sn=16|four=90967|canj=FDILR|ids=⿰米唐}}

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=0911.380|dkj=27070|dj=1338.290|hdz=53157.070|uh=7CD6|ud=31958|bh=BF7D|bd=49021}}
{{Han ref|uh=FA03}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|t2=醣|ss=𰪩|note=醣 - “[[saccharide]]”|alt=餹,饄,糛,𥼽,𥽻}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|米|t1=rice|唐|ls=psc|c1=s|c2=p}}.

===Etymology===
Original meaning was “sweet rice cake” or “sugar syrup”. Cognate with {{och-l|餳}}.

Compare Proto-{{cog|onb|-}} ''lhaŋ<sup>2</sup>'' ("sugar"), whence {{w|zh:临城镇 (临高县)|Lincheng}} {{IPAchar|/haŋ˧/}}, {{w|zh:琼山区|Qiongshan}} {{IPAchar|/liaŋ˩˧/}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=táng
|m-s=tang2
|dg=тон1
|c=tong4,tong4-2
|ca=LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-糖.wav
|c_note=tong4 - “sugar”; tong4-2 - “candy”
|c-t=hong3,hong3*
|c-t_note=hong3 - “sugar”; hong3* - “candy”
|g=tong2
|h=pfs=thòng;hrs=h:tong;gd=tong2
|j=ton1
|mb=tô̤ng
|md=tòng
|mn=ml,jj,na,ha,yc,zp,ct,tw,pn,sg,ph,md,kl:thn̂g/ct,ly:thôⁿ/ml,jj,ct,tw,pn,sg,ph,md:thông/ly:thâng
|mn_note=thn̂g/thôⁿ - vernacular; thông/thâng - literary
|mn-t=teng5
|mn-l=to5/tang5
|mn-l_note=to5 - vernacular; tang5 - literary
|px=pt:tung2/xy:tng2/pt,xy:torng2
|px_note=tung2/tng2 - vernacular; torng2 - literary
|w=sh:6daon
|x=dan2
|mc=y
|oc=y
|ma=y
|cat=n,v
}}

===Definitions===
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[sugar]]
#: {{zh-x|白糖|[[white sugar|white '''sugar''']]}}
#: {{zh-x|紅糖|[[brown sugar|brown '''sugar''']]}}
#: {{zh-x|糖{tong4}水|{{w|tong sui}}|lit='''sugar''' water|C}}
#: {{zh-x|無'''糖''' 薄荷糖|'''sugar'''-free peppermint candy}}
#: {{zh-x|糖 放 多 了。|Too much '''sugar''' is added.}}
# {{zh-short|糖果}} [[sweet]]s; [[candy]]; [[lolly|lollies]]; [[confectionery]] {{zh-mw|m:顆|c:粒}}
#: {{zh-x|棒棒糖|lollipop}}
#: {{zh-x|無糖 薄荷'''糖'''|sugar-free peppermint '''candy'''}}
#: {{zh-x|糖 吃 多 了 不好。|Eating too much '''candy''' is unhealthy.}}
#: {{zh-x|糖{tong4-2} 食 得 多 冇益。|Eating too much '''candy''' is unhealthy.|C}}
# {{lb|zh|organic chemistry}} [[saccharide]]; [[carbohydrate]]
#: {{zh-x|多糖|poly'''saccharide'''}}
#: {{zh-x|葡萄糖|glucose}}
# {{†}} to [[preserve]] [[food]] in [[alcohol]] or [[alcohol]] [[dregs]]
#* {{zh-x|蟹 之 將 糖，躁擾 彌 甚。||ref=Nanqishu}}
# {{lb|zh|internet slang|figurative}} loveable and likeable, [[cute]]
#: {{zh-x|撒糖}}
# {{lb|zh|transgender slang|figurative}} [[HRT]] ([[hormone replacement therapy]]) [[drugs]], especially [[pills]]
#: {{zh-x|吃糖|to undergo HRT|lit=to eat '''candy'''}}
#: {{zh-x|昨天 糖 被 我 爸媽 發現 了。|Yesterday [my] '''HRT drugs''' were spotted by my parents.}}

====Synonyms====
* {{s|sweets}}
{{zh-dial|糖果}}

===Compounds===
{{col3|zh|丙糖|乳糖|二糖|五碳糖|代糖|來蘇糖|六碳糖|冰糖|半乳糖|口香糖|喜糖|單糖|四碳糖|多糖|太妃糖|己糖|庚糖|戊糖|方糖|木糖|木聚糖|木酮糖|果味膠糖|果糖|核糖|核酮糖|棉花糖|棒棒糖|棒糖|氨基葡糖|氨基葡萄糖|泡泡口香糖|泡泡糖|無糖|焦糖|甜菊糖|白糖|砂糖|硬糖|糖人|糖元|糖分|糖化|糖原|糖尿病|糖彈|糖果|糖水|糖汁|糖漿|糖瓜|糖皮質激素|糖稀|糖粉|糖精|糖紙|糖罐|糖脂|糖苷|糖萼|糖葫蘆|糖蒜|糖蘿蔔|糖蛋白|糖蜜|糖衣|糖衣炮彈|糖酯|糖酵解|糖醇|糖醋|糖醋肉|糖醋里脊|糖醋魚|糖霜|糖類|糖食|紅糖|綿白糖|肽聚糖|脫氧核糖|葡糖|葡萄糖|蔗糖|軟糖|轉化糖|酮糖|醛糖|阿拉伯糖|高血糖|麥芽糖|黑糖|多糖體|升糖指數|糖異生|糖質新生|波板糖|乞糖|寶塔糖|冰花糖|冰糖葫蘆|低血糖|吹糖人兒|吹糖|丁丁糖|南糖|寡糖|楓糖|白砂糖|混糖|核糖核酸|畫糖|破米糟糖|熬糖|扭股兒糖|果寡糖|牛奶糖|拿糖作醋|核糖體|牛皮糖|槭糖漿|響糖|糖舌蜜口|糖婚|蜂糖|糖人兒|糖廠|鼻凹糖|高血糖症|配糖體|飴糖|食糖|糖炒栗子|菊糖|酥糖|糖苷類|血糖|糖解作用|餳糖|糖房|糖餅|冰糖壺盧|吹糖人|寶糖|拿糖|桂糖|桂花糖|條兒糖|條糖兒|梨膏糖|橄欖糖|欖糖|水果糖|沙糖|洋糖|洗心糖|澆切糖|猊糖|獸糖|琥珀糖|砂糖魚兒|窠絲糖|窩絲糖|糖蟹|綿糖|繭糖|肝糖|膠姆糖|蠟糖人|詹糖|賣糖|透糖|遼花糖|鉤子麻糖|關東糖|雙糖|霜糖|響糖獅子|饗糖|麻糖|麻酥糖|黃糖|黃繭糖}}

===Descendants===
{{CJKV||とう|당|đường}}
''Others'':
* {{desc|gqi|d’ɐŋ|bor=1}}
* {{desc|mzs|tôm-tôm|bor=1}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}
* {{R:twedu|A03070}}

{{cat|cmn|Beginning Mandarin}}
{{C|zh|Sweets}}

==Japanese==
{{ja-kanji forms-IVS
|code=FA03
|svs=0
|vs1=00
|vs2=03
|col-vs1=aj
|col-vs2=hdmj
|pic-kyu=Ufa03.svg
|ref={{R:ja:KDJ|1635|869}}
}}

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=6|kyu=&#xFA03;|rs=米10}}

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=どう<だう
|kanon=とう<たう
|toon=たん
|kun=あめ-
|nanori=あら
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
* {{ja-r|果%糖|か%とう}}: [[fructose]]
* {{ja-r|血%糖|けっ%とう}}: [[blood sugar]]
* {{ja-r|砂%糖|さ%とう}}: [[sugar]]
* {{ja-r|蔗%糖|しょ%とう}}: [[sucrose]]
* {{ja-r|西%瓜%糖|すい%か%とう}}: [[watermelon]] [[sugar]], sugar made by concentrating watermelon juice
* {{ja-r|糖%衣|とう%い}}
* {{ja-r|糖%化|とう%か}}: [[saccharification]]
* {{ja-r|糖%原|とう%げん}}: [[glycogen]]
* {{ja-r|糖%尿%病|とう%にょう%びょう}}
* {{ja-r|糖%分|とう%ぶん}}
* {{ja-r|糖%類|とう%るい}}
* {{ja-r|乳%糖|にゅう%とう}}: [[lactose]]
* {{ja-r|麦%芽%糖|ばく%が%とう}}: [[maltose]]
* {{ja-r|楓%糖|ふう%とう}}: [[maple sugar]]
* {{ja-r|葡%萄%糖|ぶ%どう%とう}}: [[glucose]]
{{der-bottom}}

{{wp|lang=ja}}
{{ja-kanjitab|とう|yomi=o}}

===Etymology===
From {{der|ja|ltc|-|sort=とう}} {{ltc-l|糖|sugar}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{ja-pron|とう|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR,NHK}}

===Noun===
{{ja-noun|とう|hhira=たう}}

# {{lb|ja|organic chemistry}} [[sugar]]

===References===
<references/>

==Korean==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|糖}}.

{{collapse|
* {{hanja-dongguk|따ᇰ|ttang}}
* {{hanja-hunmong|다ᇰ|tang|食饌}}
|Historical readings
|bg=#FFFFFF}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|당}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|엿|당}}

# {{hanja form of|당|[[sugar]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|과당|果糖}}
* {{ko-l|당뇨|糖尿}}
* {{ko-l|당류|糖類}}
* {{ko-l|당밀|糖蜜}}
* {{ko-l|당분|糖分}}
* {{ko-l|당질|糖質}}
* {{ko-l|자당|蔗糖}}
* {{ko-l|혈당|血糖}}
* {{ko-l|당의|糖衣}}
* {{ko-l|연당|鉛糖}}
* {{ko-l|당산|糖酸}}
* {{ko-l|당화|糖化}}
* {{ko-l|유당|乳糖}}
* {{ko-l|맥아당|麥芽糖}}
* {{ko-l|포도당|葡萄糖}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|ko|cmn-ear|糖}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|탕}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja|엿|탕}}

# {{hanja form of|탕|[[sugar]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|설탕|雪糖}}
* {{ko-l|사탕|砂糖}}
* {{ko-l|탕수육|糖水肉}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|9075}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=đường|rs=米10}}

# {{vi-Han form of|đường|[[sugar]]}}