耨

耨 U+8028, 耨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8028 ← 耧 [U+8027] CJK Unified Ideographs 耩 → [U+8029]

Translingual

Han character

耨 (Kangxi radical 127, 耒+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手木一女戈 (QDMVI), four-corner 5194₃, composition ⿰耒辱)

1. hoe, rake
2. weed

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 964, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28961
• Dae Jaweon: page 1412, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2775, character 6
• Unihan data for U+8028

Chinese

trad.		耨
simp. #		耨
alternative forms		鎒／𬭦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
耨	*noːɡs, *nuːɡ
槈	*noːɡs
鎒	*noːɡs
搙	*rnoːɡ, *nuːɡ
褥	*nuːɡ, *njoɡ
傉	*nuːɡ
辱	*njoɡ
縟	*njoɡ
蓐	*njoɡ
鄏	*njoɡ
溽	*njoɡ
媷	*njoɡ
嗕	*njoɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *noːɡs, *nuːɡ) : semantic 耒 (“plough”) + phonetic 辱 (OC *njoɡ).

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan; compare Mizo hnu (“work finished; harvested or weed area”) (Schuessler, 2007). 農 (OC *nuːŋ) may be a derivative (ibid.).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nòu (nou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄡˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nau⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lō͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nòu
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nòu
    • Wade–Giles: nou⁴
    • Yale: nòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: now
    • Palladius: ноу (nou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /noʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nau⁶
    • Yale: nauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: neo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐu̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lō͘
    • Tâi-lô: lōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lɔ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nuwH, nowk

Rime
Character	耨	耨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)	冬 (6)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	奴豆切	内沃切
Baxter	nuwH	nowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nəuH/	/nuok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/nəuH/	/nuok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/nəuH/	/nok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nəwH/	/nawk̚/
Li Rong	/nuH/	/nok̚/
Wang Li	/nəuH/	/nuok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/nə̯uH/	/nuok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nòu	nù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nau6	nuk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤok-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*noːɡs/, /*nuːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	耨
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nòu
Middle Chinese	‹ nuwH ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁok-s/
English	to hoe, to weed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	耨	耨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10869	10875
Phonetic component	辱	辱
Rime group	候	覺
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	搙
Old Chinese	/*noːɡs/	/*nuːɡ/

Definitions

耨

1. (historical, agriculture) an ancient tool for weeding similar to a hoe
2. (literary) to hoe; to weed
3. a surname

Compounds

• 刀耕火耨
• 深耕易耨
• 火耕水耨
• 火耨刀耕
• 耒耨
• 耒耨之利
• 耒耨之教
• 耕耨
• 阿耨多羅／阿耨多罗 (ānòuduōluó)

 

Japanese

Kanji

耨

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. hoe, rake
2. plough, plow
3. kanji used to transliterate Buddhist terms borrowed from Sanskrit

Readings

From Middle Chinese 耨 (MC nuwH):

• Go-on: ぬ (nu)
• Kan-on: どう (dō)
• Kun: くわ (kuwa, 耨)^{←くは (kufa, くは, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 耨 (MC nowk):

• Go-on: のく (noku)
• Kan-on: じょく (joku)^{←ぢよく (dyoku, historical)}

Readings shared by both kanji:

• Kun: くさぎる (kusagiru, 耨る); すく (suku, 耨く)

Compounds

Compounds

• 耨耕(じょくこう) (jokukō), 耨耕(じょっこう) (jokkō)
• 耨(じょく)農(のう) (jokunō)
• 耨耕(どうこう) (dōkō)
• 阿(あ)耨(のく)観音(かんのん) (Anoku Kannon)
• 阿(あ)耨(のく)達池(だっち) (Anokudatchi)
• 阿(あ)耨(のく)多羅(たら)三(さん)藐(みゃく)三菩(さんぼ)提(だい) (anokutara sanmyaku sanbodai)

Korean

Hanja

耨 • (nu) (hangeul 누, revised nu, McCune–Reischauer nu, Yale nwu)

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