腐

Translingual

Han character

腐 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈人月人 (IIOBO), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿸府肉)

Derived characters

• 𭬙, 𫓘, 𮌾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 987, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29625
• Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2933, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8150

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		腐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (付) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鉜	*bu
跗	*po, *bos
柎	*po
腑	*poʔ
俯	*poʔ
府	*poʔ
付	*pos
咐	*pos
怤	*pʰo
泭	*pʰo, *bo
姇	*pʰo
紨	*pʰo
拊	*pʰoʔ
弣	*pʰoʔ
符	*bo
苻	*bo
坿	*bo, *bos
腐	*boʔ
附	*bos
駙	*bos
鮒	*bos
袝	*bos
蚹	*bos
胕	*bos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *boʔ) : phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 肉 (“ribs, flesh, body”) – decay as aspect of the flesh.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu⁶ / fu²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hū / hú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hu¹ / hu⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
    • Wade–Giles: fu³
    • Yale: fǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
    • Palladius: фу (fu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fu⁶ / fu²
    • Yale: fuh / fú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu⁶ / fu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu⁶ / fu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː²²/, /fuː³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū / hú
    • Tâi-lô: hū / hú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hu, huo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hu²²/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁴¹/, /hu⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu²²/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hu³³/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³/, /hu⁴¹/

Note:

• hū - vernacular;
• hú - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: hu¹ / hu⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hu / hū
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³/, /hu¹¹/

Note: hu7 - used in 豆腐.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 腐
Mandarin	Beijing	/fu²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/fu²¹³/
	Tianjin	/fu¹³/
	Jinan	/fu⁴²/
	Qingdao	/fu⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/fu⁵³/
	Xi'an	/fu⁵³/
	Xining	/fv̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/fu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/fu⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/fu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/fu⁴²/
	Chengdu	/fu⁵³/
	Guiyang	/fu⁴²/
	Kunming	/fu⁵³/
	Nanjing	/fu²¹²/
	Hefei	/fu²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/xu⁵³/
	Hohhot	/fu⁵³/ ～竹 /fəʔ⁴³/ 豆～
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦu²³/ /vu²³/
	Suzhou	/vu³¹/
	Hangzhou	/vu¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vøy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/fu³⁵/
	Tunxi	/fu³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/fu⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɸu⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/fu²¹³/ 豆～
Hakka	Meixian	/fu⁵³/ 豆～
	Taoyuan	/fu³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fu²²/
	Nanning	/fu²²/
	Hong Kong	/fu²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hu⁵³/ /hu²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pou²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xu²¹/ /xu⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hu³³/ /hu³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/fu³¹/ ～敗 /hu²³/ 豆～

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• Middle Chinese: bjuX

Rime
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶雨切
Baxter	bjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/bioX/
Shao Rongfen	/bioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buə̆X/
Li Rong	/bioX/
Wang Li	/bĭuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)oʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*boʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*[b](r)oʔ/
English	rotten
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
No.	3524
Phonetic component	付
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	父
Old Chinese	/*boʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 腐

1. to rot; to decay; to spoil

Descendants

• → Isan: ฟุย
• → Lao: ຟຸຍ (fu nya)

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Japanese

Kanji

腐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to spoil, rot, corrode, moulder
2. to speak ill of

Readings

• Go-on: ぶ (bu)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kun: くさる (kusaru, 腐る, Jōyō); くされる (kusareru, 腐れる, Jōyō); くさす (kusasu, 腐す); くさらす (kusarasu, 腐らす, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 腐食(ふしょく) (fushoku)
• 腐敗(ふはい) (fuhai)
• 豆腐(とうふ) (tōfu)

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Korean

Hanja

腐 • (bu)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 부 (revised: bu, McCune–Reischauer: pu, Yale: pu)
  • Name (hangeul): 썩을
    

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 腐 (hủ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.