萊

See also: 莱

Translingual

Han character

萊 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿木人人 (TDOO), four-corner 4490₈, composition ⿱艹來)

Derived characters

• 𢵭, 𪱉, 𨅼, 𫘗, 𦻣

Related characters

• 莱 (Simplified Chinese and Japanese shinjitai)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1041, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31262
• Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3230, character 8
• Unihan data for U+840A

---

Chinese

trad.		萊
simp.		莱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 萊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (來) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
來	*m·rɯːɡ
萊	*rɯː, *rɯːs
淶	*rɯː
徠	*rɯː, *rɯːs
崍	*rɯː
郲	*rɯː, *ruːlʔ, *ruːlʔ
騋	*rɯː
猍	*rɯː
鯠	*rɯː
鶆	*rɯː
庲	*rɯː
棶	*rɯː
斄	*rɯː, *rɯ
逨	*rɯː, *rɯːs
麳	*rɯː
唻	*rɯːʔ, *rrɯː
賚	*rɯːs
睞	*rɯːs
勑	*rɯːs
誺	*rɯːs, *r̥ʰɯ, *r̥ʰɯs, *r̥ʰɯs
倈	*rɯ
憖	*ŋrɯns
猌	*ŋrɯns
麥	*mrɯːɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lái (lai²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄞˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): loi⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lâi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lái
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄞˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lái
    • Wade–Giles: lai²
    • Yale: lái
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lai
    • Palladius: лай (laj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /laɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: loi⁴
    • Yale: lòih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: loi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːi̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâi
    • Tâi-lô: lâi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: laai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lai²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lai²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lai¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lai²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lai²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: loj, lojH

Rime
Character	萊	萊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	洛哀切	落代切
Baxter	loj	lojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lʌi/	/lʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/ləi/	/ləiH/
Shao Rongfen	/lɒi/	/lɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ləj/	/ləjH/
Li Rong	/lᴀi/	/lᴀiH/
Wang Li	/lɒi/	/lɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑ̆i/	/lɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lái	lài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	loi4	loi6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rɯː/, /*rɯːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萊	萊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	7599	7616
Phonetic component	來	來
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*rɯː/	/*rɯːs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 萊

1. goosefoot
2. weed (wild grass)
3. fallow field
4. (historical) an ancient Dongyi state conquered by Qi

References

• “Query for 萊”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

---

Japanese

Shinjitai	莱
Kyūjitai	萊

Kanji

萊

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 莱)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: らい (rai)
• Kan-on: らい (rai)
• Kan’yō-on: り (ri)
• Kun: あかざ (akaza, 萊); あわち (awachi, 萊); こうがい (kōgai, 萊)

---

Korean

Hanja

萊 • (rae>nae) (hangeul 래>내, revised rae>nae, McCune–Reischauer rae>nae, Yale lay>nay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 萊 (lai, lài)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.