葚

See also: 椹

Translingual

Han character

葚 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿廿一女 (TTMV), four-corner 4471₁, composition ⿰艹甚)

Derived characters

• 𫃒

Related characters

• 椹 (Variant form)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1045, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31416
• Dae Jaweon: page 1506, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3243, character 13
• Unihan data for U+845A

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Chinese

trad.		葚
simp. #		葚
alternative forms		椹 𣞵 黮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 葚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
湛	*ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um
媅	*ʔl'uːm
黮	*l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ
糂	*sluːmʔ
堪	*kʰluːm
戡	*kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ
嵁	*kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm
歁	*kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb
勘	*kʰluːms
磡	*kʰuːms
墈	*kʰuːms
偡	*r'uːmʔ
碪	*ʔl'um
椹	*ʔl'um
揕	*ʔl'ums
踸	*l̥ʰumʔ
鍖	*l̥ʰumʔ
斟	*kljum
諶	*ɡljum
愖	*ɡljum
瘎	*ɡljum
煁	*ɡljum
甚	*ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums
葚	*ɦljumʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljumʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shèn (shen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sam⁶ / zam¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shèn
    • Wade–Giles: shên⁴
    • Yale: shèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
    • Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sam⁶ / zam¹
    • Yale: sahm / jām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sam⁶ / dzam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sem⁶ / zem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐm²²/, /t͡sɐm⁵⁵/

Note:

• sam6 - colloquial;
• zam1 - variant.

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• Middle Chinese: zyimX

Rime
Character	葚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	船 (27)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	食荏切
Baxter	zyimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʑiɪmX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʑimX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʑjemX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʑimX/
Li Rong	/d͡ʑiəmX/
Wang Li	/d͡ʑĭĕmX/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡ʑʰi̯əmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sam6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sə-d[ə]mʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljumʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葚
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shèn
Middle Chinese	‹ zyimX ›
Old Chinese	/*sə-d[ə]mʔ/
English	mulberry fruit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葚
Reading #	1/1
No.	11298
Phonetic component	甚
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	葚
Old Chinese	/*ɦljumʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 葚

1. mulberry fruit

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rèn (ren⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rèn
    • Wade–Giles: jên⁴
    • Yale: rèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
    • Palladius: жэнь (žɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 葚

1. (dialectal) Only used in 桑葚兒／桑葚儿 (sāngrènr).

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B03944
• “葚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

葚

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ちん (chin); じん (jin)
• Kun: さわら (sawara, 葚); あてぎ (ategi, 葚)

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Korean

Hanja

葚 (eumhun 오디 심 (odi sim))

1. (오디): mulberry fruit (桑實)

Synonyms

• 椹 (심, sim)

Compounds

• 地葚 (지심, jisim) berry

See also

• 莓 (매, mae) berry, strawberry; moss

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 葚 (rậm, rườm, rặm, thậm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation