誓

誓 U+8A93, 誓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A93 ← 誒 [U+8A92] CJK Unified Ideographs 誔 → [U+8A94]

Translingual

Han character

誓 (radical 149 言+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 手中卜一口 (QLYMR), four-corner 5260₁, composition ⿱折言)

1. swear, pledge
2. oath

References

• KangXi: page 1162, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35514
• Dae Jaweon: page 1627, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3973, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8A93

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		誓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 誓
Bronze inscriptions	Bamboo and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (折) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
晢	*ʔljeds, *ʔljed
狾	*ʔljeds
誓	*ɦljeds
逝	*ɦljeds
銴	*ɢljeds, *ɢʷleds
折	*l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed
娎	*hleːws, *qʰred
哳	*ʔr'eːd
踅	*sɢʷled
哲	*ʔl'ed
蜇	*ʔl'ed
悊	*ʔl'ed
嚞	*ted
喆	*ted
硩	*l̥ʰed, *l̥ʰeːɡ
浙	*ʔljed
晣	*ʔljed
焎	*hred

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɦljeds): phonetic 折 (OC *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed) + semantic 言 (“speech”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sai⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ
• Min Nan (POJ): sē / sī / sè / chōa

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: shì
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
    • Wade-Giles: shih⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai⁶
    • Yale: saih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
    • Hakka Romanization System: sii
    • Hagfa Pinyim: si⁴
    • IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sē
    • Tâi-lô: sē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: se
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /se²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
    • Tâi-lô: sī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi²²/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sè
    • Tâi-lô: sè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sex
    • IPA (Taipei): /se¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /se²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /se²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōa
    • Tâi-lô: tsuā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sua²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sua⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sua²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sua³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sua³³/

Note:

• sē/sī - literary;
• chōa - vernacular;
• sè - vernacular (俗).

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiᴇi^H/▼

Rime
Character	誓
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時制切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajH/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛiH/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljeds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	誓
Reading #	1/1
No.	16934
Phonetic component	折
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	逝
Old Chinese	/*ɦljeds/

Definitions

誓

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Japanese

Kanji

誓

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

• Goon: ぜ (ze)
• Kan’on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
• Kan’yōon: ぜい (zei)
• Kun: いましめる (imashimeru, 誓める); ちかい (chikai, 誓い)^{←ちかひ (tikafi, historical)}; ちかう (chikau, 誓う, Jōyō)^{←ちかふ (tikafu, historical)}

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Korean

Hanja

誓 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune-Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

誓 (thệ, thề)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.