-la

See also: Appendix:Variations of "la"

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		-ла
Abjad		-لا

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lɑ]

Suffix

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U	E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü
-la	-lə

-la

1. Form of -lə after the vowels A / I / O / U.

Derived terms

See -lə.

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Estonian

Etymology

From . Cognate with Finnish -la.

Suffix

-la (genitive -la, partitive -lat)

1. Forms nouns that signify a place.

   ‎haige (“sick”) + ‎-la → ‎haigla (“hospital”)

   ‎kana (“chicken”) + ‎-la → ‎kanala (“chicken coop”)

Inflection

Declension of -la (ÕS type 1/ohutu, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		-la	-lad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	-la
genitive			-late
partitive		-lat	-laid
illative		-lasse	-latesse -laisse
inessive		-las	-lates -lais
elative		-last	-latest -laist
allative		-lale	-latele -laile
adessive		-lal	-latel -lail
ablative		-lalt	-latelt -lailt
translative		-laks	-lateks -laiks
terminative		-lani	-lateni
essive		-lana	-latena
abessive		-lata	-lateta
comitative		-laga	-latega

Derived terms

Estonian terms suffixed with -la

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Finnish

Etymology

From . Cognate with Estonian -la.

Suffix

-la (front vowel harmony variant -lä, linguistic notation -lA)

1. Forms nouns that signify a place, such as an abode, a house, a land of, etc. Often denotes a farm in many place names.

   Kaleva → Kalevala "the land of Kaleva"

   kana "hen" → kanala "henhouse"

   ravinto "nourishment" → ravintola "restaurant"

   Jussi → Jussila "the farm of Jussi"

Usage notes

• About 12% of Finns have a surname ending in -la/-lä, transferred from names of farms and small villages.

Declension

Inflection of -la (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		-la	-lat
genitive		-lan	-loiden -loitten
partitive		-laa	-loita
illative		-laan	-loihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-la	-lat
accusative	nom.	-la	-lat
	gen.	-lan
genitive		-lan	-loiden -loitten -lainrare
partitive		-laa	-loita
inessive		-lassa	-loissa
elative		-lasta	-loista
illative		-laan	-loihin
adessive		-lalla	-loilla
ablative		-lalta	-loilta
allative		-lalle	-loille
essive		-lana	-loina
translative		-laksi	-loiksi
abessive		-latta	-loitta
instructive		—	-loin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -la (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -lani -lani accusative nom. -lani -lani gen. -lani genitive -lani -loideni -loitteni -lainirare partitive -laani -loitani inessive -lassani -loissani elative -lastani -loistani illative -laani -loihini adessive -lallani -loillani ablative -laltani -loiltani allative -lalleni -loilleni essive -lanani -loinani translative -lakseni -loikseni abessive -lattani -loittani instructive — — comitative — -loineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -lasi -lasi accusative nom. -lasi -lasi gen. -lasi genitive -lasi -loidesi -loittesi -laisirare partitive -laasi -loitasi inessive -lassasi -loissasi elative -lastasi -loistasi illative -laasi -loihisi adessive -lallasi -loillasi ablative -laltasi -loiltasi allative -lallesi -loillesi essive -lanasi -loinasi translative -laksesi -loiksesi abessive -lattasi -loittasi instructive — — comitative — -loinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -lamme -lamme accusative nom. -lamme -lamme gen. -lamme genitive -lamme -loidemme -loittemme -laimmerare partitive -laamme -loitamme inessive -lassamme -loissamme elative -lastamme -loistamme illative -laamme -loihimme adessive -lallamme -loillamme ablative -laltamme -loiltamme allative -lallemme -loillemme essive -lanamme -loinamme translative -laksemme -loiksemme abessive -lattamme -loittamme instructive — — comitative — -loinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -lanne -lanne accusative nom. -lanne -lanne gen. -lanne genitive -lanne -loidenne -loittenne -lainnerare partitive -laanne -loitanne inessive -lassanne -loissanne elative -lastanne -loistanne illative -laanne -loihinne adessive -lallanne -loillanne ablative -laltanne -loiltanne allative -lallenne -loillenne essive -lananne -loinanne translative -laksenne -loiksenne abessive -lattanne -loittanne instructive — — comitative — -loinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative -lansa -lansa accusative nom. -lansa -lansa gen. -lansa genitive -lansa -loidensa -loittensa -lainsarare partitive -laansa -loitaan -loitansa inessive -lassaan -lassansa -loissaan -loissansa elative -lastaan -lastansa -loistaan -loistansa illative -laansa -loihinsa adessive -lallaan -lallansa -loillaan -loillansa ablative -laltaan -laltansa -loiltaan -loiltansa allative -lalleen -lallensa -loilleen -loillensa essive -lanaan -lanansa -loinaan -loinansa translative -lakseen -laksensa -loikseen -loiksensa abessive -lattaan -lattansa -loittaan -loittansa instructive — — comitative — -loineen -loinensa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -la

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Italian

Pronoun

-la

1. enclitic form of la; appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive accusative forms when the object is third singular feminine person

   dare (“to give”) → darla (“to give her”)

   vendere (“to sell”) → venderla (“to sell her”)

   servire (“to serve”) → servirla (“to serve her”)

Usage notes

The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :

-are → -arla

-ere → -erla

-ire → -irla

Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:

introdurre (“to introduce”) → introdurla (“to introduce her”)

In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -la.

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Latin

Suffix

1. nominative feminine singular of -lus
2. nominative neuter plural of -lus
3. accusative neuter plural of -lus
4. vocative feminine singular of -lus
5. vocative neuter plural of -lus

Suffix

1. ablative feminine singular of -lus

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Pitjantjatjara

Pronoun

-la (first person plural nominative, bound form of nganaṉa)

1. we (3 or more people)

Usage notes

Bound pronouns can be used instead of the regular "long form" pronouns. They act as clitics that attach to the last word of the first noun phrase in the sentence, or the conjunctions ka or munu if present.

Related terms

Pitjantjatjara personal pronouns (nominative case)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
First person	ngayulu (I) Bound form: -ṉa	ngali (we two) Bound form: -li	nganaṉa (we, more than two) Bound form: -la
Second person	nyuntu (you) Bound form: -n	nyupali (you two)	nyura (you, more than two)
Third person	paluṟu (he/she/it)	pula (they two)	tjana (they, more than two) Bound form: -ya

Preposition

-la

1. at, on, in, near, with, etc. for proper nouns that end with a vowel. The equivalent of -ngka, and -ta.
2. an ending that you use before -kutu and -nguru with proper nouns.

Usage notes

This preposition is added to the end of the proper noun. Sometimes a helper vowel can be added before -la to make it end with a vowel. -ta should be used instead if the word ends with n or l.

Suffix

-la

1. Makes "la" class verbs into commands.

Usage notes

It is added to the end of the verb stem (of the last verb in the series if there is a series of verbs in the command). Sometimes the pronoun -ya can be added after -la, this makes the command addressed to a group of people. Here that pronoun means second person plural instead of third person.

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Turkish

Suffix

-la

1. with, shortened form of ile

   babamla okula gidiyorum

   I am going to school with my father

2. by, shortened form of ile

   okula kaykayla gidiyorum

   I am going to school by skateboard

Usage notes

• If the word's last vowel is a front vowel (e, i, ö, ü), the ending becomes -le.

  annemle / trenle - with my mother / by train

  kuzenimle - with my cousin

  gözünle / troleybüsle - with your eye / by trolley bus

• If the word ends in a vowel, the ending becomes -yla, or after front vowel, -yle.

  arabayla - by car

  korkuyla - with fear

  gemiyle - by ship

  sevgiyle - with love

• If the ending is added to a proper noun, it must be used with an apostrophe.

  Barış'la - with Barış.

  Buğra'yla - with Buğra.

• Unlike most Turkish suffixes, this suffix is always unstressed; the stress in the combined word remains where it was in the word before suffixing.
• When -yla is added to a word ending in the back vowel "ı", the latter is raised to the front vowel "i" in the pronunciation; for example, the word dolayısıyla ("consequently") is pronounced as if it were dolayısiyla, thus violating the usual vowel harmony. This change in pronunciation is not reflected in the orthography.

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Vilamovian

Suffix

-la

1. Appended to words to create a diminutive form of a noun.