-tı

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ti"

Turkish

preceding vowel
A / I	E / İ	O / U	Ö / Ü
-tı	-ti	-tu	-tü

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɯ/
• IPA^(key): /ti/
• IPA^(key): /tu/
• IPA^(key): /ty/

Suffix

-tı

1. Derives nouns from verbs, of a result or product of the action, with the suffix -n, which derives Reflexive forms of verbs.

   ‎al- (“to take”) + ‎-ın- (“to take offense”) + ‎-tı → ‎alıntı (“quotation, citation”)

   ‎kaşı- (“transitive; to itch, scratch”) + ‎-n- (“reflexive; to itch, to scratch oneself”) + ‎-tı → ‎kaşıntı (“itch, itchiness”)

   ‎gez- (“to wander around, to travel”) + ‎-in- (“to wander around, to walk about”) + ‎-ti → ‎gezinti (“stroll, trip”)

   ‎gör- (“to see”) + ‎-ün- (“to appear, to come in sight”) + ‎-tü → ‎görüntü (“image, sight, view”)

   ‎sık- (“to squeeze, to bore”) + ‎-ın- (“to strain oneself, to force oneself”) + ‎-tı → ‎sıkıntı (“boredom, distress, annoyance”)

   ‎çırp- (“to clap, to beat, to whip”) + ‎-ın- (“to struggle, to flutter”) + ‎-tı → ‎çırpıntı (“fluttering, shaking”)

   ‎sığ- (“to fit in, to squeeze in”) + ‎-ın- (“to take refuge in, to take shelter in”) + ‎-tı → ‎sığıntı (“a person whose stay is unwanted or unwelcome”)

   ‎sapla- (“to stab, to dig into, to jab”) + ‎-n- (“to sink into, to be stuck in”) + ‎-tı → ‎saplantı (“obsession, fixation”)

   ‎eğle- (“transitive; to stall, to keep waiting”) + ‎-n- (“to have fun, to enjoy oneself, to wait somewhere”) + ‎-ti → ‎eğlenti (“party, enjoyable meeting”)

   ‎kur- (“to set, to build”) + ‎-un- (“to make up (in mind), to form ideas”) + ‎-tu → ‎kuruntu (“wild fancy, delusion”)

   ‎söyle- (“to say, to tell”) + ‎-n- (“to talk to oneself, to complain”) + ‎-ti → ‎söylenti (“rumor”)

2. Some verb roots either do not have Reflexive forms due to being New Turkish words derived through false analogy or these forms fell off use in modern Turkish.

   ‎çök- (“to collapse, to cave in”) + ‎-ün- + ‎-tü → ‎çöküntü (“collapse, breakdown”) ("çökünmek" does not exist in modern Turkish. Compare with چوكنمك (t͡ʃœ.cyn.mec) in Ottoman Turkish.)

   ‎çöz- (“to solve, to untangle, to dissolve”) + ‎-el- + ‎-ti → ‎çözelti (“solution, resulting substance of dissolution”) (Derived through false analogy to çökmek into çökelmek into çökelti; "çözelmek" does not exist as a separate verb.)

   ‎ak- (“to flow”) + ‎-ın- + ‎-tı → ‎akıntı (“flow, current, stream”)

   ‎ayır- (“to separate, to split”) + ‎-ın- + ‎-tı → ‎ayrıntı (“detail”)

   ‎üz- (“to upset, to aggrieve”) + ‎-ün- + ‎-tü → ‎üzüntü (“sorrow, grief”)

   ‎sız- (“to leak, to ooze”) + ‎-ın- + ‎-tı → ‎sızıntı (“leak, leakage”)

   ‎sars- (“to shake, to jolt”) + ‎-ın- + ‎-tı → ‎sarsıntı (“shake, concussion, shock”)

   ‎bekle- (“to wait, to expect”) + ‎-n- + ‎-ti → ‎beklenti (“expectation”)

3. Derives onomatopoeic nouns, with suffixes -ır or -ıl, which derive onomatopoeic verbs in Turkic dialects.

   ‎çıt (“click or crack sound”) + ‎-ır- + ‎-tı → ‎çıtırtı (“clicking, cracking”)

   ‎fıs (“soft hiss sound”) + ‎-ıl- + ‎-tı → ‎fısıltı (“whisper, whispering”)

   ‎gür (“rumble or clatter sound”) + ‎-ül- + ‎-tü → ‎gürültü (“noise, rumbling”)

   ‎mır (“murmur sound”) + ‎-ıl- + ‎-tı → ‎mırıltı (“murmuring, mumbling”)

4. Derives nouns with the suffix -ar, which derives intransitive verbs from the names of colors, of an area that turns that color.

   ‎kara (“black”) + ‎-ar- (“to turn black”) + ‎-tı → ‎karartı (“darkness, blackness, shadow”)

   ‎ak (“white, light”) + ‎-ar- (“to turn white”) + ‎-tı → ‎ağartı (“whitening, breaking of dawn”)

   ‎mor (“purple”) + ‎-ar- (“to turn purple”) + ‎-tı → ‎morartı (“bruise, a purplish spot”)

Usage notes

• Most commonly used with the -in (reflexive and passive suffix), which is why the suffix is often classified in full as -ıntı, even though some nouns derived in this way are made from verbs that do not have reflexive forms; i.e akıntı, üzüntü, sarsıntı.

Derived terms

Turkish terms suffixed with -tı