百合

Chinese

		hundred	to close; to gather; to join to close; to gather; to join; to fit; all; together
simp. and trad. (百合)		百	合

Etymology

Named “hundred-union”, for the numerous segmented and overlapping scales on the bulb of the lily. The lily is traditionally a propitious sign of a blissful, long-lasting marriage; see the idiom 百年好合 (bǎiniánhǎohé).

The Taiwanese Min Nan pronunciation iú-lih is borrowed from Japanese 百合 (yuri).

“yuri; lesbian”

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 百合(ゆり) (yuri), in turn a semantic loan from Japanese 百合(ゆり) (yuri, “lily; yuri”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎihé

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˇ ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baak³ hap⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pak-ha̍p
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): peh-ha̍p / pek-ha̍p / iú-lih

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎihé
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎihé
    • Wade–Giles: pai³-ho²
    • Yale: bǎi-hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baeher
    • Palladius: байхэ (bajxɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baak³ hap⁶
    • Yale: baak hahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁸ hap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bag³ heb⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːk̚³ hɐp̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pak-ha̍p
    • Hakka Romanization System: bag` hab
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bag⁵ hab⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /pak̚² hap̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peh-ha̍p
    • Tâi-lô: peh-ha̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pehhap
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ hap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pe(ʔ)⁵ hap̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hap̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pek-ha̍p
    • Tâi-lô: pik-ha̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pekhap
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hap̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /piɪk̚⁵⁻²⁴ hap̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iú-lih
    • Tâi-lô: iú-lih
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iwliq
    • IPA (Taipei): /iu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liʔ³²/

Note: iú-lih - borrowed from Japanese 百合 (yuri).

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• Middle Chinese: paek hop

Rime
Character	百	合
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	庚 (113)	覃 (160)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	博陌切	侯閤切
Baxter	paek	hop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠæk̚/	/ɦʌp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚak̚/	/ɦəp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pak̚/	/ɣɒp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨjk̚/	/ɦəp̚/
Li Rong	/pɐk̚/	/ɣᴀp̚/
Wang Li	/pɐk̚/	/ɣɒp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɐk̚/	/ɣăp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo	hé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bak1	hap6

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 百合

1. lily
2. (ACG slang) yuri; lesbian

Synonyms

• (lily): (Min Nan) 國白／国白

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (百合):

• → Korean: 백합(百合) (baekhap)
• → Vietnamese: bách hợp (百合)

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 百合

1. Yuri (a Japanese female given name)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

百合 (yuri): A lily plant.

Kanji in this term
百	合
Grade: 1	Grade: 2
irregular

Etymology

Probably the nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) yuri of (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese-derived and now-obsolete verb 揺る (yuru, “to sway, to swing, to wave back and forth”), from the way that lilies tend to grow tall and sway in the breeze.

The spelling is borrowed from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Chinese, and indicates the way that lily bulbs cluster together (合 (“gather, combine”)) in large numbers (百 (“hundreds”)).

For information on the slang for homosexuality, see Yuri (genre).

Noun

百合(ゆり) or 百合(ユリ) • (yuri) 

1. (botany) lily
2. the name of a color scheme when wearing multiple layers in the 襲 (kasane, “layering”) style, featuring a red outer layer and a reddish-gold inner layer, and worn in summer (from the way the color scheme resembles the coloration of the petals of certain varieties of lily)
3. (slang) yuri, manga or other media depicting attraction, romance or sexual relationship between women, usually lesbians

Derived terms

• 笹百合(ささゆり) (sasayuri): Japanese/bamboo lily/lilies (L. japonicum)

Descendants

• English: yuri

Proper noun

百合(ゆり) • (Yuri) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

百合(もあい) • (Moai) 

1. a surname

百合(もまい) • (Momai) 

1. a surname

References

• Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
百	合

Noun

百合 • (baekhap) (hangeul 백합)

1. Hanja form^? of 백합 (“lily”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
百	合

Noun

百合

1. Template:han tu form of